Signed to Unsigned Conversion Error and Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in Erlang OTP erts allows an attacker who can supply a crafted Erlang external term format (ETF) binary to binary_to_term/1 to corrupt the BEAM heap pointer and crash the virtual machine. When decoding a LARGE_TUPLE_EXT term, the validation pass decoded_size() in erts/emulator/beam/external.c reads the 32-bit arity field as unsigned (get_uint32()), while the decode pass dec_term() reads the same field as a signed 32-bit integer (get_int32()) into an int. An arity wire value of 0x80000000 passes validation as 2147483648 but decodes as -2147483648, so the subsequent hp += n moves the heap allocation pointer backward. Neither pass enforces the runtime tuple-arity limit MAX_ARITYVAL. The result is an out-of-bounds heap write; in practice the VM detects an impossible heap size and aborts, denying service. The required padding is large when uncompressed but the compressed-ETF envelope shrinks it to a small payload on the wire. This issue affects OTP from OTP 25.0 before OTP 29.0.4, OTP 28.5.0.4 and OTP 27.3.4.15, corresponding to erts from 13.0 before 17.0.4, 16.4.0.4 and 15.2.7.11.

The remote SUSE Linux SLES15 / SLES_SAP15 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the SUSE-SU-2026:3579-1 advisory.

    - CVE-2026-28810: predictable DNS transaction IDs can cause DNS cache poisoning (bsc#1261726).
    - CVE-2026-42789: `public_key` application accepts non-CA certificates as intermediate issuers and this     enables chain       forgery (bsc#1266449).
    - CVE-2026-42790: Name constraints and `Subject CommonName` fallback in TLS hostname verification allows     for certificate       forgery by MITM attacker (bsc#1266466).
    - CVE-2026-42792: permanent `epmd` DoS via connection slot exhaustion due to improper handling of     exceptional       conditions (bsc#1272908).
    - CVE-2026-47078: relative path traversal in `zip:unzip/zip:extract` via `check_dir_level` depth-counter     bypass       (bsc#1272909).
    - CVE-2026-48855: SFTP `READLINK` response leaks absolute backend filesystem path when root is configured     (bsc#1268139).
    - CVE-2026-48856: `httpc` leaks `Authorization` headers to cross-origin redirect targets (bsc#1268141).
    - CVE-2026-48858: server-side request forgery allows FTP bounce attacks and SSRF via an unvalidated `PASV`     response IP       address (bsc#1268142).
    - CVE-2026-48860: `ssl` (`inet_tls_dist` module) allows unauthenticated bypass of the distribution-over-     TLS LAN       allowlist (bsc#1268146).
    - CVE-2026-49759: unbounded stack buffer overflow in SCTP error cause parsing in `inet_drv` (bsc#1268163).
    - CVE-2026-49760: stack buffer overflow in `ei_s_print_term` at very large integer (bsc#1268164).
    - CVE-2026-53422: SFTP `REALPATH` path-existence oracle allows filesystem enumeration outside configured     root       (bsc#1270245).
    - CVE-2026-54886: SSH SFTP server denial of service via extended channel data infinite loop (bsc#1270246).
    - CVE-2026-54887: use of default cryptographic key allows predictable DTLS cookie computation during the     startup window       (bsc#1270247).
    - CVE-2026-54891: plaintext injection towards (D)TLS client during handshake (bsc#1270250).
    - CVE-2026-55737: heap pointer corruption via signed/unsigned mismatch in `LARGE_TUPLE_EXTP` decoding in     `erts`       external term format decoder (bsc#1272910).
    - CVE-2026-55950: time-of-check time-of-use race condition allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to     crash all active       DTLS sessions on a listener (bsc#1270253).
    - CVE-2026-55952: missing validation allows for DoS of the TLS-1.3 server when clients send a malformed     `ClientHello`       with mismatched PSK identity and binder list lengths (bsc#1270258).
    - CVE-2026-55953: TLS 1.2 and DTLS clients accept unoffered anonymous cipher suites and allow for server     authentication       bypass (bsc#1272911).
    - CVE-2026-58227: TLS/DTLS denial of service via unbounded recursion on cross-signed peer certificate     chain       (bsc#1272913).
    - CVE-2026-59250: `megaco` flex scanner buffer overflow via oversized property parm name (bsc#1272914).
    - CVE-2026-59251: denial of service via exponential certificate policy tree growth in path validation     (bsc#1272915).

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the SUSE security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of Erlang/OTP installed on the remote host is 25.0 prior to 27.3.4.15, 28.0 prior to 28.5.0.4, or 29.0 prior to 29.0.4. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability:

  - Signed to Unsigned Conversion Error and Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in Erlang OTP erts     allows an attacker who can supply a crafted Erlang external term format (ETF) binary to     binary_to_term/1 to corrupt the BEAM heap pointer and crash the virtual machine. When decoding a     LARGE_TUPLE_EXT term, the validation pass reads the 32-bit arity field as unsigned while the     decode pass reads the same field as a signed 32-bit integer. The result is an out-of-bounds heap     write; in practice the VM detects an impossible heap size and aborts, denying service.
    (CVE-2026-55737)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The Linux/Unix host has one or more packages installed that are impacted by a vulnerability without a vendor supplied patch available.

  - Signed to Unsigned Conversion Error and Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in Erlang OTP erts allows an     attacker who can supply a crafted Erlang external term format (ETF) binary to binary_to_term/1 to corrupt     the BEAM heap pointer and crash the virtual machine. When decoding a LARGE_TUPLE_EXT term, the validation     pass decoded_size() in erts/emulator/beam/external.c reads the 32-bit arity field as unsigned     (get_uint32()), while the decode pass dec_term() reads the same field as a signed 32-bit integer     (get_int32()) into an int. An arity wire value of 0x80000000 passes validation as 2147483648 but decodes     as -2147483648, so the subsequent hp += n moves the heap allocation pointer backward. Neither pass     enforces the runtime tuple-arity limit MAX_ARITYVAL. The result is an out-of-bounds heap write; in     practice the VM detects an impossible heap size and aborts, denying service. The required padding is large     when uncompressed but the compressed-ETF envelope shrinks it to a small payload on the wire. This issue     affects OTP from OTP 25.0 before OTP 29.0.4, OTP 28.5.0.4 and OTP 27.3.4.15, corresponding to erts from     13.0 before 17.0.4, 16.4.0.4 and 15.2.7.11. (CVE-2026-55737)

Note that Nessus relies on the presence of the package as reported by the vendor.

The version of FreeBSD installed on the remote host is prior to tested version. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the 445df078-89e1-11f1-b35c-4c526214c986 advisory.

    The Erlang/OTP team reports:
    Fixed heap corruption when an invalidly encoded tuple with               an arity of 2^31 or larger is decoded from Erlang's External               Term Format (binary_to_term).

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the FreeBSD security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

ID	Name	Product	Family	Type	Severity
335097	SUSE SLES15 Security Update : erlang26 (SUSE-SU-2026:3579-1)	Nessus	SuSE Local Security Checks	Local	critical
331348	Erlang/OTP 25.0 < 27.3.4.15 / 28.0 < 28.5.0.4 / 29.0 < 29.0.4 Heap Corruption (CVE-2026-55737)	Nessus	Misc.	Local	medium
330409	Linux Distros Unpatched Vulnerability : CVE-2026-55737	Nessus	Misc.	Local	medium
330266	FreeBSD : Erlang/OTP -- heap corruption decoding invalidly encoded large tuples (445df078-89e1-11f1-b35c-4c526214c986)	Nessus	FreeBSD Local Security Checks	Local	medium

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CVE-2026-55737

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