The remote Debian 10 / 11 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the dsa-5073 advisory.

  - In Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3, a left shift by 29 (or more) places in the storeAtts function in     xmlparse.c can lead to realloc misbehavior (e.g., allocating too few bytes, or only freeing memory).
    (CVE-2021-45960)

  - In doProlog in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3, an integer overflow exists for     m_groupSize. (CVE-2021-46143)

  - addBinding in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22822)

  - build_model in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22823)

  - defineAttribute in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow.
    (CVE-2022-22824)

  - lookup in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22825)

  - nextScaffoldPart in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow.
    (CVE-2022-22826)

  - storeAtts in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22827)

  - Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.4 has a signed integer overflow in XML_GetBuffer, for configurations with     a nonzero XML_CONTEXT_BYTES. (CVE-2022-23852)

  - Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.4 has an integer overflow in the doProlog function. (CVE-2022-23990)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote Ubuntu 16.04 ESM / 18.04 LTS / 20.04 LTS host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the USN-5288-1 advisory.

    It was discovered that Expat incorrectly handled certain files. An attacker could possibly use this issue     to cause a crash or execute arbitrary code.

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Ubuntu security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

According to the versions of the xulrunner package installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities :

  - In Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3, a left shift by 29 (or more) places in the storeAtts function in     xmlparse.c can lead to realloc misbehavior (e.g., allocating too few bytes, or only freeing memory).
    (CVE-2021-45960)

  - In doProlog in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3, an integer overflow exists for     m_groupSize. (CVE-2021-46143)

  - addBinding in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22822)

  - build_model in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22823)

  - defineAttribute in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow.
    (CVE-2022-22824)

  - lookup in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22825)

  - nextScaffoldPart in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow.
    (CVE-2022-22826)

  - storeAtts in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22827)

  - Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.4 has a signed integer overflow in XML_GetBuffer, for configurations with     a nonzero XML_CONTEXT_BYTES. (CVE-2022-23852)

  - Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.4 has an integer overflow in the doProlog function. (CVE-2022-23990)

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ALAS2023-2023-058 advisory.

    In Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3, a left shift by 29 (or more) places in the storeAtts function in     xmlparse.c can lead to realloc misbehavior (e.g., allocating too few bytes, or only freeing memory).
    (CVE-2021-45960)

    In doProlog in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3, an integer overflow exists for     m_groupSize. (CVE-2021-46143)

    addBinding in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22822)

    build_model in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22823)

    defineAttribute in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow.
    (CVE-2022-22824)

    lookup in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22825)

    nextScaffoldPart in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow.
    (CVE-2022-22826)

    storeAtts in xmlparse.c in Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3 has an integer overflow. (CVE-2022-22827)

    expat (libexpat) is susceptible to a software flaw that causes process interruption. When processing a     large number of prefixed XML attributes on a single tag can libexpat can terminate unexpectedly due to     integer overflow. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to availability, confidentiality and     integrity. (CVE-2022-23852)

    Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.4 has an integer overflow in the doProlog function. (CVE-2022-23990)

    A flaw was found in expat. Passing malformed 2- and 3-byte UTF-8 sequences (for example, from start tag     names) to the XML processing application on top of expat can lead to arbitrary code execution. This issue     is dependent on how invalid UTF-8 is handled inside the XML processor. (CVE-2022-25235)

    A flaw was found in expat. Passing one or more namespace separator characters in the xmlns[:prefix]     attribute values made expat send malformed tag names to the XML processor on top of expat. This issue     causes arbitrary code execution depending on how unexpected cases are handled inside the XML processor.
    (CVE-2022-25236)

    A flaw was found in expat. A stack exhaustion in doctype parsing could be triggered by a file with a large     number of opening braces, resulting in a denial of service. (CVE-2022-25313)

    An integer overflow flaw was found in expat. This issue affects the encoding name parameter at the parser     creation time, which is often hard-coded (rather than user input), takes a value in the gigabytes to     trigger, and on a 64-bit machine. This flaw can cause a denial of service. (CVE-2022-25314)

    An integer overflow was found in expat. The issue occurs in storeRawNames() by abusing the m_buffer     expansion logic to allow allocations very close to INT_MAX and out-of-bounds heap writes. This flaw can     cause a denial of service or potentially arbitrary code execution. (CVE-2022-25315)

    A vulnerability was found in expat. With this flaw, it is possible to create a situation in which parsing     is suspended while substituting in an internal entity so that XML_ResumeParser directly uses the     internalEntityProcessor as its processor. If the subsequent parse includes some unclosed tags, this will     return without calling storeRawNames to ensure that the raw versions of the tag names are stored in memory     other than the parse buffer itself. Issues occur if the parse buffer is changed or reallocated (for     example, if processing a file line by line), problems occur. Using this vulnerability in the doContent     function allows an attacker to triage a denial of service or potentially arbitrary code execution.
    (CVE-2022-40674)

    In libexpat through 2.4.9, there is a use-after free caused by overeager destruction of a shared DTD in     XML_ExternalEntityParserCreate in out-of-memory situations. (CVE-2022-43680)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the tested product security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of AOS installed on the remote host is prior to 6.1.1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the NXSA-AOS-6.1.1 advisory.

  - JMSAppender in Log4j 1.2 is vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data when the attacker has write     access to the Log4j configuration. The attacker can provide TopicBindingName and     TopicConnectionFactoryBindingName configurations causing JMSAppender to perform JNDI requests that result     in remote code execution in a similar fashion to CVE-2021-44228. Note this issue only affects Log4j 1.2     when specifically configured to use JMSAppender, which is not the default. Apache Log4j 1.2 reached end of     life in August 2015. Users should upgrade to Log4j 2 as it addresses numerous other issues from the     previous versions. (CVE-2021-4104)

  - It was found that the fix to address CVE-2021-44228 in Apache Log4j 2.15.0 was incomplete in certain non-     default configurations. This could allows attackers with control over Thread Context Map (MDC) input data     when the logging configuration uses a non-default Pattern Layout with either a Context Lookup (for     example, $${ctx:loginId}) or a Thread Context Map pattern (%X, %mdc, or %MDC) to craft malicious input     data using a JNDI Lookup pattern resulting in an information leak and remote code execution in some     environments and local code execution in all environments. Log4j 2.16.0 (Java 8) and 2.12.2 (Java 7) fix     this issue by removing support for message lookup patterns and disabling JNDI functionality by default.
    (CVE-2021-45046)

  - Apache Log4j2 2.0-beta9 through 2.15.0 (excluding security releases 2.12.2, 2.12.3, and 2.3.1) JNDI     features used in configuration, log messages, and parameters do not protect against attacker controlled     LDAP and other JNDI related endpoints. An attacker who can control log messages or log message parameters     can execute arbitrary code loaded from LDAP servers when message lookup substitution is enabled. From     log4j 2.15.0, this behavior has been disabled by default. From version 2.16.0 (along with 2.12.2, 2.12.3,     and 2.3.1), this functionality has been completely removed. Note that this vulnerability is specific to     log4j-core and does not affect log4net, log4cxx, or other Apache Logging Services projects.
    (CVE-2021-44228)

  - xpointer.c in libxml2 before 2.9.5 (as used in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and     watchOS before 3, and other products) does not forbid namespace nodes in XPointer ranges, which allows     remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (use-after-free and memory     corruption) via a crafted XML document. (CVE-2016-4658)

  - NSS (Network Security Services) versions prior to 3.73 or 3.68.1 ESR are vulnerable to a heap overflow     when handling DER-encoded DSA or RSA-PSS signatures. Applications using NSS for handling signatures     encoded within CMS, S/MIME, PKCS \#7, or PKCS \#12 are likely to be impacted. Applications using NSS for     certificate validation or other TLS, X.509, OCSP or CRL functionality may be impacted, depending on how     they configure NSS. *Note: This vulnerability does NOT impact Mozilla Firefox.* However, email clients and     PDF viewers that use NSS for signature verification, such as Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Evolution and     Evince are believed to be impacted. This vulnerability affects NSS < 3.73 and NSS < 3.68.1.
    (CVE-2021-43527)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

ID	Name	Product	Family	Published	Updated	Severity
158031	Debian DSA-5073-1 : expat - security update	Nessus	Debian Local Security Checks	2/13/2022	11/9/2023	critical
158212	Ubuntu 16.04 ESM / 18.04 LTS / 20.04 LTS : Expat vulnerabilities (USN-5288-1)	Nessus	Ubuntu Local Security Checks	2/21/2022	8/28/2024	critical
161573	EulerOS 2.0 SP3 : xulrunner (EulerOS-SA-2022-1774)	Nessus	Huawei Local Security Checks	5/26/2022	10/26/2023	critical
173105	Amazon Linux 2023 : expat, expat-devel, expat-static (ALAS2023-2023-058)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	3/21/2023	12/11/2024	critical
164572	Nutanix AOS : Multiple Vulnerabilities (NXSA-AOS-6.1.1)	Nessus	Misc.	9/1/2022	2/17/2025	high

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