It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ALAS2022-2022-109 advisory.

    A flaw was found in grub 2, where a crafted 16-bit grayscale PNG image may lead to an out-of-bounds write.
    This flaw allows an attacker to corrupt the data on the heap portion of the grub2's memory, leading to     possible code execution and the circumvention of the secure boot mechanism. (CVE-2021-3695)

    A flaw was found in grub2 when handling a PNG image header. When decoding the data contained in the     Huffman table at the PNG file header, an out-of-bounds write may happen on grub's heap. (CVE-2021-3696)

    A flaw was found in grub2 when handling JPEG images. This flaw allows an attacker to craft a malicious     JPEG image, which leads to an underflow on a grub2's internal pointer, leading to a heap-based out-of-     bounds write. Secure-boot mechanisms circumvention and arbitrary code execution may also be achievable.
    (CVE-2021-3697)

    A flaw was found in grub2 when handling IPv4 packets. This flaw allows an attacker to craft a malicious     packet, triggering an integer underflow in grub code. Consequently, the memory allocation for handling the     packet data may be smaller than the size needed. This issue causes an out-of-bands write during packet     handling, compromising data integrity, confidentiality issues, a denial of service, and remote code     execution. (CVE-2022-28733)

    A flaw was found in grub2 when handling split HTTP headers. While processing a split HTTP header, grub2     wrongly advances its control pointer to the internal buffer by one position, which can lead to an out-of-     bounds write. This flaw allows an attacker to leverage this issue by crafting a malicious set of HTTP     packages making grub2 corrupt its internal memory metadata structure. This leads to data integrity and     confidentiality issues or forces grub to crash, resulting in a denial of service attack. (CVE-2022-28734)

    A flaw was found in grub2. The shim_lock verifier from grub2 allows non-kernel files to be loaded when     secure boot is enabled, giving the possibility of unverified code or modules to be loaded when it should     not be allowed. (CVE-2022-28735)

    A use-after-free vulnerability was found on grub2's chainloader command. This flaw allows an attacker to     gain access to restricted data or cause arbitrary code execution if they can establish control from grub's     memory allocation pattern. (CVE-2022-28736)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the tested product security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote MiracleLinux 8 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the AXSA:2022-4042:01 advisory.

    * grub2: Integer underflow in grub_net_recv_ip4_packets (CVE-2022-28733)
      * grub2: Crafted PNG grayscale images may lead to out-of-bounds write in heap (CVE-2021-3695)
      * grub2: Crafted PNG image may lead to out-of-bound write during huffman table handling (CVE-2021-3696)
      * grub2: Crafted JPEG image can lead to buffer underflow write in the heap (CVE-2021-3697)
      * grub2: Out-of-bound write when handling split HTTP headers (CVE-2022-28734)
      * grub2: shim_lock verifier allows non-kernel files to be loaded (CVE-2022-28735)
      * grub2: use-after-free in grub_cmd_chainloader() (CVE-2022-28736)
      * shim: Buffer overflow when loading crafted EFI images (CVE-2022-28737)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the MiracleLinux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote Alibaba Cloud Linux 3 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ALINUX3-SA-2022:0134 advisory.

    Package updates are available for Alibaba Cloud Linux 3 that fix the following vulnerabilities:

    CVE-2021-3695:
    A crafted 16-bit grayscale PNG image may lead to a out-of-bounds write in the heap area. An attacker may     take advantage of that to cause heap data corruption or eventually arbitrary code execution and circumvent     secure boot protections. This issue has a high complexity to be exploited as an attacker needs to perform     some triage over the heap layout to achieve signifcant results, also the values written into the memory     are repeated three times in a row making difficult to produce valid payloads. This flaw affects grub2     versions prior grub-2.12.

    CVE-2021-3696:
    A heap out-of-bounds write may heppen during the handling of Huffman tables in the PNG reader. This may     lead to data corruption in the heap space. Confidentiality, Integrity and Availablity impact may be     considered Low as it's very complex to an attacker control the encoding and positioning of corrupted     Huffman entries to achieve results such as arbitrary code execution and/or secure boot circumvention. This     flaw affects grub2 versions prior grub-2.12.

    CVE-2021-3697:
    A crafted JPEG image may lead the JPEG reader to underflow its data pointer, allowing user-controlled data     to be written in heap. To a successful to be performed the attacker needs to perform some triage over the     heap layout and craft an image with a malicious format and payload. This vulnerability can lead to data     corruption and eventual code execution or secure boot circumvention. This flaw affects grub2 versions     prior grub-2.12.

    CVE-2022-28733:
    ** RESERVED ** This candidate has been reserved by an organization or individual that will use it when     announcing a new security problem. When the candidate has been publicized, the details for this candidate     will be provided.

    CVE-2022-28734:
    ** RESERVED ** This candidate has been reserved by an organization or individual that will use it when     announcing a new security problem. When the candidate has been publicized, the details for this candidate     will be provided.

    CVE-2022-28735:
    ** RESERVED ** This candidate has been reserved by an organization or individual that will use it when     announcing a new security problem. When the candidate has been publicized, the details for this candidate     will be provided.

    CVE-2022-28736:
    ** RESERVED ** This candidate has been reserved by an organization or individual that will use it when     announcing a new security problem. When the candidate has been publicized, the details for this candidate     will be provided.

    CVE-2021-3981:
    A flaw in grub2 was found where its configuration file, known as grub.cfg, is being created with the wrong     permission set allowing non privileged users to read its content. This represents a low severity     confidentiality issue, as those users can eventually read any encrypted passwords present in grub.cfg.
    This flaw affects grub2 2.06 and previous versions. This issue has been fixed in grub upstream but no     version with the fix is currently released.

    CVE-2022-28737:
    ** RESERVED ** This candidate has been reserved by an organization or individual that will use it when     announcing a new security problem. When the candidate has been publicized, the details for this candidate     will be provided.

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Alibaba Cloud Linux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote Oracle Linux 10 / 9 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ELSA-2025-20530 advisory.

    - sunrpc: handle SVC_GARBAGE during svc auth processing as auth error (Jeff Layton)  [Orabug: 38137447]     {CVE-2025-38089}
    - Add Zen34 clients (Borislav Petkov (AMD))  [Orabug: 38172252]  {CVE-2024-36350} {CVE-2024-36357}
    - x86/process: Move the buffer clearing before MONITOR (Kim Phillips)  [Orabug: 38172252]     {CVE-2024-36350} {CVE-2024-36357}
    - Add normal counters (Borislav Petkov (AMD))  [Orabug: 38172252]  {CVE-2024-36350} {CVE-2024-36357}
    - KVM: SVM: Advertize TSA CPUID bits to guests (Borislav Petkov (AMD))  [Orabug: 38172252]     {CVE-2024-36350} {CVE-2024-36357}
    - x86/bugs: Add a Transient Scheduler Attacks mitigation (Borislav Petkov (AMD))  [Orabug: 38172252]     {CVE-2024-36350} {CVE-2024-36357}

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Oracle Linux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

ID	Name	Product	Family	Published	Updated	Severity
164779	Amazon Linux 2022 : grub2-common, grub2-efi-aa64, grub2-efi-aa64-cdboot (ALAS2022-2022-109)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	9/7/2022	12/11/2024	high
292017	MiracleLinux 8 : grub2-2.02-123.el8.8.ML.1, mokutil-0.3.0-11.el8.1, shim-15.6-1.el8.ML.1, shim-unsigned-x64-15.6-1.el8.ML.1 (AXSA:2022-4042:01)	Nessus	Miracle Linux Local Security Checks	1/20/2026	1/20/2026	high
236599	Alibaba Cloud Linux 3 : 0134: grub2, mokutil, shim, and shim-unsigned-x64 (ALINUX3-SA-2022:0134)	Nessus	Alibaba Cloud Linux Local Security Checks	5/14/2025	5/14/2025	high
252244	Oracle Linux 10 / 9 : Unbreakable Enterprise kernel (ELSA-2025-20530)	Nessus	Oracle Linux Local Security Checks	8/19/2025	2/9/2026	medium

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