SUSE SLES15 Security Update : perl-Cpanel-JSON-XS (SUSE-SU-2026:4926-1)

critical Nessus Plugin ID 374170

Synopsis

The remote SUSE host is missing one or more security updates.

Description

The remote SUSE Linux SLES15 host has a package installed that is affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the SUSE-SU-2026:4926-1 advisory.

- CVE-2025-40929: integer overflow (bsc#1249331).
- CVE-2026-9334: type confusion via duplicate object keys when `dupkeys_as_arrayref` is enabled (bsc#1267546).
- CVE-2026-9516: denial of service via UTF-8 BOM prefixed input when a decode filter callback throws (bsc#1267547).
- CVE-2026-110672: leak of decoded key of an object rejected for a duplicate key or a missing colon in `decode_hv` (bsc#1286166).
- CVE-2026-110673: stack exhaustion via nested tagged values under `allow_tags` in `decode_tag` (bsc#1286167).
- CVE-2026-110674: duplicate non-ASCII bare keys are missed, allowing type confusion under `dupkeys_as_arrayref` in `decode_hv` (bsc#1286168).
- CVE-2026-110675: malformed UTF-8 accepted in bare hash keys under `allow_barekey` in `decode_hv` (bsc#1286169).
- CVE-2026-110676: memory exhaustion by encoding exponent notation as full decimal digits under `allow_bignum` (bsc#1286170).
- CVE-2026-110677: array collecting duplicate key values leaked under `dupkeys_as_arrayref` in `decode_hv` (bsc#1286173).
- CVE-2026-110678: memory exhaustion by buffering incremental input past `max_size` in `incr_parse` (bsc#1286174).
- CVE-2026-110680: out-of-bounds write when a tied or shared hash grows during canonical encoding in `encode_hv` (bsc#1286175).
- CVE-2026-110681: parent interpreter's scalars from a parser object cloned into a new `ithread` (bsc#1286176).
- CVE-2026-110682: input chunking can change the decoded value of top-level numbers in `incr_parse` (bsc#1286177).
- CVE-2026-110684: memory leaked and overloaded objects retained when encoding values as strings in `encode_stringify` (bsc#1286179).
- CVE-2026-110685: decoded arguments of a tagged value leaked when its THAW method dies in `decode_tag` (bsc#1286180).
- CVE-2026-110686: freed filter callbacks used when a filter removes itself during decoding in `decode_hv` (bsc#1286181).
- CVE-2026-110687: byte-string keys misordered during canonical encoding in `utf16_cmp` (bsc#1286182).
- CVE-2026-110688: quadratic CPU use due to remaining buffer revalidation per value in `incr_parse` (bsc#1286183).

Changes for perl-Cpanel-JSON-XS:

- updated to 4.800.0 (4.80)
- Add version markers to all module files. (PR #260 demerphq)
- Use utf8n_to_uvchr on Perl 5.32 and later to avoid the deprecated utf8n_to_uvuni API. (PR #260 demerphq)
- Add schema-based validation for decoded JSON (GH #238):
Cpanel::JSON::XS::Type now provides check_type($data, $schema[, $found_type]), which validates an already-decoded perl structure against a type spec built from the existing encoder building blocks (JSON_TYPE_* / json_type_arrayof / json_type_hashof / json_type_anyof), plus the new json_type_optional() for hash keys that may be absent, and short scalar type name sugar ('Str', 'Int', 'Float', 'Bool', 'Null', 'Any', and nullable 'Str?' etc.) so a schema reads as 'just a hash of keys and types', as requested. Unlike the encoder's hash type spec, a plain hashref schema is closed: unknown keys and missing required keys are reported. New $json->decode_and_validate($json_text, $schema) method decodes and croaks with all mismatches if validation fails, using decode()'s own type introspection as ground truth to avoid perl's usual dual-var/stringified-number ambiguity.
- json_type_optional() and the nullable '?' type-name suffixes ('Str?', 'Int?', 'Float?', 'Bool?') give schemas an explicit way to declare a key/value as optional instead of demanding a complete type specification for every key. The encoder now also understands json_type_optional() directly (it unwraps to the wrapped type, since encode() only ever sees keys that are actually present): the exact same type spec built for check_type()/decode_and_validate() can now be handed to encode() as-is, instead of croaking with 'no type was specified for hash key '...'' for every optional key. Encoding stays strict by default otherwise: a hash key with no entry at all in the type spec still croaks (GH #242).
eg/bench_large.pl:
old encode: 20.5--22.9/s decode: 16.2--16.5/s for 4.53 new encode: 21.1--22.5/s decode: 15.7--16.3/s for 4.80 4.53 2026-09-28 (rurban)
- Fix C90 violations with arm neon (GH #258 rjbs)
- Added a native arm64 test runner.
- updated to 4.520.0 (4.52) 4.52 2026-09-12 (rurban)
- OSX 10.9 fix for SIMD UTF-8 (Christian Carey)
- Change my maintainer email to [email protected] 4.51 2026-09-11 (rurban)
- Add faster SIMD UTF-8 validation (GH #213, Zhang Boyang)
- Fix tests for yath (GH #255, with H.Merijn Brand): the test files now work with Test2::Harness instead of only Test::Harness, and a yath run is added to `make xtest` when yath is installed.
- Skip one t/117_numbers.t test on Perls with 32-bit IVs (GH #254, Jeremy Hansen).
4.50 2026-09-08 (rurban)
- Add $json->encode_to($fh, $data, [$type]) to stream encoded JSON directly to a filehandle instead of building the whole result in memory (GH #250, requested by yairlenga. designed 2016 in GH #58).
Internally flushes a bounded 8k chunk buffer as it fills, keeping peak memory bounded for large data structures.
- Encoder performance improvements suggested in GH #237 (17dec):
* Large-integer encoding now uses a 100-digit lookup table instead of snprintf, roughly 2x faster for integers outside the existing branchless small-integer fast path (|value| > 59000).
* encode_str now bulk-copies runs of consecutive bytes that need no escaping instead of a need()+store per byte, notably faster for strings with few or no characters to escape.
Added eg/bench_large.pl with results.
- updated to 4.440.0 (4.44) 4.44 2026-09-02 (rurban)
- Fix canonical sort infinite loop (GH #252 amelchio): malformed UTF-8 keys (e.g. Latin-1 byte strings mixed with Unicode) made utf16_cmp treat the decoder's (STRLEN)-1 malformed sentinel as a length, wrapping the buffer pointer. Now checked as 0 or > remaining length.
- updated to 4.430.0 (4.43) 4.43 2026-07-18 (rurban)
- Fix canonical sort: compare by UTF-16 code units per RFC 8785 (GH #248, leont)
- Fix canonical sort on Perl 5.8-5.18: utf16_cmp now always attempts UTF-8 decoding instead of checking SvUTF8 flag, since older Perls may store valid UTF-8 hash keys without the flag set.
- Fix quadmath encode dropping '.0' for large floats (GH #246, reported by Tux).
The .0 guard condition that suppressed appending for NV values > UV_MAX was incorrect on high-precision FP (quadmath, 128-bit long double on arm64) where %g uses fixed-point notation for values like 1.01e30. Guarded with #if NV_DIG < 31 to skip only on double/80-bit-ld where %g naturally uses %e for large values.
- updated to 4.420.0 (4.42) 4.42 2026-06-27 (rurban)
- Ensure encode with a type spec hashref does not change the hashref argument (GH #240)
- Fix -e docs: 'written' -> 'read' (GH #239, reported by Ron Savage).
- Fix Boolean eq overload matching undef (GH #207, reported by fd-t).
Cpanel::JSON::XS::Boolean overloaded eq would match undef as equal to false because undef stringifies to ''. Added defined() guard.
- Fix error messages showing overloaded stringification for blessed objects (GH #191, reported by karenetheridge). Error messages now use ClassName=TYPE(addr) format, bypassing any '' overload.
- Fix type_all_string overriding allow_blessed/convert_blessed (GH #175, reported by alpha6). With type_all_string + allow_blessed, blessed objects are now encoded as null (not stringified as HASH address).
- Fix infinite recursion when encode is called from a '' overload (GH #128, reported by pbrthemaster). The recursion guard temporarily clears convert_blessed and allow_stringify flags on the JSON object before calling the overload, preventing re-entrant encode loops.
- Fix $obj->new creating a broken object (GH #93, reported by cpansprout).
When new() is called on an existing object (e.g. $json->new->new), the class name is now extracted from the object's stash rather than using the stringified reference.
- Change allow_nonref default to true (GH #241, matching JSON::PP and JSON::XS 4.0+ and the insecure RFC 7159).
encode and decode now accept non-reference values by default.
decode_json() with an explicit 0/1 second argument still works.
allow_nonref(0) to disable scalars-only for secure JSON.
- Fix minor t/12_blessed.t typo.
- Fix GH #112: encode large whole-number NV values without .0 on 32-bit Perl (values exceeding UV_MAX that Perl stores as float).
- Fix GH #197: prefer IOK over pNOK when encoding values where IV is accurate but NV is imprecise (SvNOK not set).
- updated to 4.410.0 (4.41) 4.41 2026-05-27 (rurban)
- Fix incr_parse single-quote string delimiter (GH #245, reported by Paul Johnson)
- Fix a one-byte out-of-bounds heap read reachable via allow_barekey on truncated input (GH #244, reported by Paul Johnson)
- updated to 4.400.0 (4.40) 4.40 2025-09-07 (rurban)
- Fix CVE-2025-40929 overflow with overlong numbers, fuzzing only.
- Detect more malformed numbers, with two decimal points.
- Pin github actions to latest @v via pinact run -u (bsc#1249331)
- updated to 4.390.0 (4.39) 4.39 2024-12-12 (rurban)
- Fix Windows -Dusequadmath (sisyphus GH #235, GH #229)
- Fix inconsistent behavior between decoding escaped and unescaped surrogates, and escaped non-characters vs non-escaped non-characters.
Now aligned to JSON::PP (Gavin Hayes GH #233, GH #227)
- Add type_all_string tests (Bernhard Schmalhofer GH #236)
- Silence UV to char cast warnings (bulk88 GH #232)
- Fix MSVC preprocessor errors (bulk88 GH #232)
- Fix -Wformat warnings on Windows (sisyphus GH #228)
- Clarify BigInt decoding (GH #226)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the SUSE security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

Solution

Update the affected perl-Cpanel-JSON-XS package.

Plugin Details

Severity: Critical

ID: 374170

File Name: suse_SU-2026-4926-1.nasl

Version: 1.1

Type: Local

Agent: unix

Family: SuSE Local Security Checks

Published: 10/30/2026

Updated: 10/30/2026

Supported Sensors: Frictionless Assessment AWS, Frictionless Assessment Azure, Frictionless Assessment Agent, Nessus Agent, Agentless Assessment, Continuous Assessment, Tenable Cloud Security, Tenable Self-Hosted Container Security, Nessus

Risk Information

VPR

Risk Factor: Medium

Score: 5.8

Percentile: 95.87

CVSS v2

Risk Factor: Critical

Base Score: 10

Temporal Score: 7.4

Vector: CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C

CVSS Score Source: CVE-2025-40929

CVSS v3

Risk Factor: Critical

Base Score: 9.1

Temporal Score: 7.9

Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

Temporal Vector: CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

CVSS Score Source: CVE-2026-110685

Vulnerability Information

CPE: cpe:/o:novell:suse_linux:15, p-cpe:/a:novell:suse_linux:perl-cpanel-json-xs

Required KB Items: Host/local_checks_enabled, Host/cpu, Host/SuSE/release, Host/SuSE/rpm-list

Exploit Ease: No known exploits are available

Patch Publication Date: 10/28/2026

Vulnerability Publication Date: 9/8/2025

Reference Information

CVE: CVE-2025-40929, CVE-2026-110672, CVE-2026-110673, CVE-2026-110674, CVE-2026-110675, CVE-2026-110676, CVE-2026-110677, CVE-2026-110678, CVE-2026-110680, CVE-2026-110681, CVE-2026-110682, CVE-2026-110684, CVE-2026-110685, CVE-2026-110686, CVE-2026-110687, CVE-2026-110688, CVE-2026-9334, CVE-2026-9516

SuSE: SUSE-SU-2026:4926-1

Detections

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