In PHP versions 7.4.x below 7.4.30, 8.0.x below 8.0.20, and 8.1.x below 8.1.7, when pdo_mysql extension with mysqlnd driver, if the third party is allowed to supply host to connect to and the password for the connection, password of excessive length can trigger a buffer overflow in PHP, which can lead to a remote code execution vulnerability.
https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=81719
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/12/msg00030.html
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202209-20