Off-by-one error in the encodes function in pack.c in Ruby 1.9.3 and earlier, and 2.x through 2.1.2, when using certain format string specifiers, allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (segmentation fault) via vectors that trigger a stack-based buffer overflow.

The remote Redhat Enterprise Linux 6 / 7 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the RHSA-2014:1913 advisory.

    Ruby is an extensible, interpreted, object-oriented, scripting language.
    It has features to process text files and to perform system management     tasks.

    Multiple denial of service flaws were found in the way the Ruby REXML XML     parser performed expansion of parameter entities. A specially crafted XML     document could cause REXML to use an excessive amount of CPU and memory.
    (CVE-2014-8080, CVE-2014-8090)

    A stack-based buffer overflow was found in the implementation of the Ruby     Array pack() method. When performing base64 encoding, a single byte could     be written past the end of the buffer, possibly causing Ruby to crash.
    (CVE-2014-4975)

    The CVE-2014-8090 issue was discovered by Red Hat Product Security.

    All ruby193-ruby users are advised to upgrade to these updated packages,     which contain backported patches to correct these issues. All running     instances of Ruby need to be restarted for this update to take effect.

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Red Hat Enterprise Linux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote Oracle Linux 6 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ELSA-2014-1913 advisory.

    - Fix off-by-one stack-based buffer overflow in the encodes() function       (CVE-2014-4975).
      Related: rhbz#1164004
    - Fix REXML billion laughs attack via parameter entity expansion       (CVE-2014-8080).
      Related: rhbz#1164004

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Oracle Linux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

According to the versions of the ruby packages installed, the EulerOS Virtualization installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities :

  - Ruby 1.8.7 before patchlevel 371, 1.9.3 before     patchlevel 286, and 2.0 before revision r37068 allows     context-dependent attackers to bypass safe-level     restrictions and modify untainted strings via the     name_err_mesg_to_str API function, which marks the     string as tainted, a different vulnerability than     CVE-2011-1005.(CVE-2012-4466)

  - The REXML parser in Ruby 1.9.x before 1.9.3 patchlevel     551, 2.0.x before 2.0.0 patchlevel 598, and 2.1.x     before 2.1.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial     of service (CPU and memory consumption) a crafted XML     document containing an empty string in an entity that     is used in a large number of nested entity references,     aka an XML Entity Expansion (XEE) attack. NOTE: this     vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for     CVE-2013-1821 and CVE-2014-8080.(CVE-2014-8090)

  - Algorithmic complexity vulnerability in     Gem::Version::VERSION_PATTERN in     lib/rubygems/version.rb in RubyGems before 1.8.23.1,     1.8.24 through 1.8.25, 2.0.x before 2.0.8, and 2.1.x     before 2.1.0, as used in Ruby 1.9.0 through 2.0.0p247,     allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service     (CPU consumption) via a crafted gem version that     triggers a large amount of backtracking in a regular     expression.(CVE-2013-4287)

  - The REXML parser in Ruby 1.9.x before 1.9.3-p550, 2.0.x     before 2.0.0-p594, and 2.1.x before 2.1.4 allows remote     attackers to cause a denial of service (memory     consumption) via a crafted XML document, aka an XML     Entity Expansion (XEE) attack.(CVE-2014-8080)

  - The OpenSSL::SSL.verify_certificate_identity function     in lib/openssl/ssl.rb in Ruby 1.8 before 1.8.7-p374,     1.9 before 1.9.3-p448, and 2.0 before 2.0.0-p247 does     not properly handle a '\\0' character in a domain name     in the Subject Alternative Name field of an X.509     certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers     to spoof arbitrary SSL servers via a crafted     certificate issued by a legitimate Certification     Authority, a related issue to     CVE-2009-2408.(CVE-2013-4073)

  - The rb_get_path_check function in file.c in Ruby 1.9.3     before patchlevel 286 and Ruby 2.0.0 before r37163     allows context-dependent attackers to create files in     unexpected locations or with unexpected names via a NUL     byte in a file path.(CVE-2012-4522)

  - (1) DL and (2) Fiddle in Ruby 1.9 before 1.9.3     patchlevel 426, and 2.0 before 2.0.0 patchlevel 195, do     not perform taint checking for native functions, which     allows context-dependent attackers to bypass intended     $SAFE level restrictions.(CVE-2013-2065)

  - Algorithmic complexity vulnerability in     Gem::Version::ANCHORED_VERSION_PATTERN in     lib/rubygems/version.rb in RubyGems before 1.8.23.2,     1.8.24 through 1.8.26, 2.0.x before 2.0.10, and 2.1.x     before 2.1.5, as used in Ruby 1.9.0 through 2.0.0p247,     allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service     (CPU consumption) via a crafted gem version that     triggers a large amount of backtracking in a regular     expression. NOTE: this issue is due to an incomplete     fix for CVE-2013-4287.(CVE-2013-4363)

  - Ruby (aka CRuby) 1.9 before 1.9.3-p327 and 2.0 before     r37575 computes hash values without properly     restricting the ability to trigger hash collisions     predictably, which allows context-dependent attackers     to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via     crafted input to an application that maintains a hash     table, as demonstrated by a universal multicollision     attack against a variant of the MurmurHash2 algorithm,     a different vulnerability than     CVE-2011-4815.(CVE-2012-5371)

  - Off-by-one error in the encodes function in pack.c in     Ruby 1.9.3 and earlier, and 2.x through 2.1.2, when     using certain format string specifiers, allows     context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of     service (segmentation fault) via vectors that trigger a     stack-based buffer overflow.(CVE-2014-4975)

  - Heap-based buffer overflow in Ruby 1.8, 1.9 before     1.9.3-p484, 2.0 before 2.0.0-p353, 2.1 before 2.1.0     preview2, and trunk before revision 43780 allows     context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of     service (segmentation fault) and possibly execute     arbitrary code via a string that is converted to a     floating point value, as demonstrated using (1) the     to_f method or (2) JSON.parse.(CVE-2013-4164)

  - It was found that the methods from the Dir class did     not properly handle strings containing the NULL byte.
    An attacker, able to inject NULL bytes in a path, could     possibly trigger an unspecified behavior of the ruby     script.(CVE-2018-8780)

  - Ruby 1.9.3 before patchlevel 286 and 2.0 before     revision r37068 allows context-dependent attackers to     bypass safe-level restrictions and modify untainted     strings via the (1) exc_to_s or (2) name_err_to_s API     function, which marks the string as tainted, a     different vulnerability than CVE-2012-4466. NOTE: this     issue might exist because of a CVE-2011-1005     regression.(CVE-2012-4464)

  - An issue was discovered in the OpenSSL library in Ruby     before 2.3.8, 2.4.x before 2.4.5, 2.5.x before 2.5.2,     and 2.6.x before 2.6.0-preview3. When two     OpenSSL::X509::Name objects are compared using ==,     depending on the ordering, non-equal objects may return     true. When the first argument is one character longer     than the second, or the second argument contains a     character that is one less than a character in the same     position of the first argument, the result of == will     be true. This could be leveraged to create an     illegitimate certificate that may be accepted as     legitimate and then used in signing or encryption     operations.(CVE-2018-16395)

  - An issue was discovered in Ruby before 2.3.8, 2.4.x     before 2.4.5, 2.5.x before 2.5.2, and 2.6.x before     2.6.0-preview3. It does not taint strings that result     from unpacking tainted strings with some     formats.(CVE-2018-16396)

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

According to the versions of the ruby packages installed, the EulerOS Virtualization installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities :

  - The REXML parser in Ruby 1.9.x before 1.9.3-p550, 2.0.x     before 2.0.0-p594, and 2.1.x before 2.1.4 allows remote     attackers to cause a denial of service (memory     consumption) via a crafted XML document, aka an XML     Entity Expansion (XEE) attack.i1/4^CVE-2014-8080i1/4%0

  - The REXML parser in Ruby 1.9.x before 1.9.3 patchlevel     551, 2.0.x before 2.0.0 patchlevel 598, and 2.1.x     before 2.1.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial     of service (CPU and memory consumption) a crafted XML     document containing an empty string in an entity that     is used in a large number of nested entity references,     aka an XML Entity Expansion (XEE) attack. NOTE: this     vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for     CVE-2013-1821 and CVE-2014-8080.i1/4^CVE-2014-8090i1/4%0

  - Off-by-one error in the encodes function in pack.c in     Ruby 1.9.3 and earlier, and 2.x through 2.1.2, when     using certain format string specifiers, allows     context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of     service (segmentation fault) via vectors that trigger a     stack-based buffer overflow.(CVE-2014-4975)

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

This ruby2.1 update to version 2.1.9 fixes the following issues :

Security issues fixed :

  - CVE-2016-2339: heap overflow vulnerability in the     Fiddle::Function.new'initialize' (bsc#1018808)

  - CVE-2015-7551: Unsafe tainted string usage in Fiddle and     DL (bsc#959495)

  - CVE-2015-3900: hostname validation does not work when     fetching gems or making API requests (bsc#936032)

  - CVE-2015-1855: Ruby'a OpenSSL extension suffers a     vulnerability through overly permissive matching of     hostnames (bsc#926974)

  - CVE-2014-4975: off-by-one stack-based buffer overflow in     the encodes() function (bsc#887877)

Bugfixes :

  - SUSEconnect doesn't handle domain wildcards in no_proxy     environment variable properly (bsc#1014863)

  - Segmentation fault after pack & ioctl & unpack     (bsc#909695)

  - Ruby:HTTP Header injection in 'net/http' (bsc#986630)

ChangeLog :

- http://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/tags/v2_1_9/ChangeLog

This update was imported from the SUSE:SLE-12:Update update project.

This ruby2.1 update to version 2.1.9 fixes the following issues:
Security issues fixed :

  - CVE-2016-2339: heap overflow vulnerability in the     Fiddle::Function.new'initialize' (bsc#1018808)

  - CVE-2015-7551: Unsafe tainted string usage in Fiddle and     DL (bsc#959495)

  - CVE-2015-3900: hostname validation does not work when     fetching gems or making API requests (bsc#936032)

  - CVE-2015-1855: Ruby'a OpenSSL extension suffers a     vulnerability through overly permissive matching of     hostnames (bsc#926974)

  - CVE-2014-4975: off-by-one stack-based buffer overflow in     the encodes() function (bsc#887877) Bugfixes :

  - SUSEconnect doesn't handle domain wildcards in no_proxy     environment variable properly (bsc#1014863)

  - Segmentation fault after pack & ioctl & unpack     (bsc#909695)

  - Ruby:HTTP Header injection in 'net/http' (bsc#986630)     ChangeLog :

- http://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/tags/v2_1_9/ChangeLog

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the SUSE security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

CVE-2014-4975

The encodes() function in pack.c had an off-by-one error that could lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. This could allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or arbitrary code execution.

CVE-2014-8080, CVE-2014-8090

The REXML parser could be coerced into allocating large string objects that could consume all available memory on the system. This could allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash).

NOTE: Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the DLA security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

Updated ruby packages fix security vulnerabilities :

Due to unrestricted entity expansion, when reading text nodes from an XML document, the REXML parser in Ruby can be coerced into allocating extremely large string objects which can consume all of the memory on a machine, causing a denial of service (CVE-2014-8080).

Will Wood discovered that Ruby incorrectly handled the encodes() function. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Ruby to crash, resulting in a denial of service, or possibly execute arbitrary code. The default compiler options for affected releases should reduce the vulnerability to a denial of service (CVE-2014-4975).

Due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2014-8080, 100% CPU utilization can occur as a result of recursive expansion with an empty String. When reading text nodes from an XML document, the REXML parser in Ruby can be coerced into allocating extremely large string objects which can consume all of the memory on a machine, causing a denial of service (CVE-2014-8090).

Multiple vulnerabilities were discovered in the interpreter for the Ruby language :

  - CVE-2014-4975     The encodes() function in pack.c had an off-by-one error     that could lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. This     could allow remote attackers to cause a denial of     service (crash) or arbitrary code execution.

  - CVE-2014-8080, CVE-2014-8090     The REXML parser could be coerced into allocating large     string objects that could consume all available memory     on the system. This could allow remote attackers to     cause a denial of service (crash).

Multiple denial of service flaws were found in the way the Ruby REXML XML parser performed expansion of parameter entities. A specially crafted XML document could cause REXML to use an excessive amount of CPU and memory. (CVE-2014-8080, CVE-2014-8090)

A stack-based buffer overflow was found in the implementation of the Ruby Array pack() method. When performing base64 encoding, a single byte could be written past the end of the buffer, possibly causing Ruby to crash. (CVE-2014-4975)

All running instances of Ruby need to be restarted for this update to take effect.

Updated ruby packages that fix three security issues are now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.

Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having Moderate security impact. Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base scores, which give detailed severity ratings, are available for each vulnerability from the CVE links in the References section.

Ruby is an extensible, interpreted, object-oriented, scripting language. It has features to process text files and to perform system management tasks.

Multiple denial of service flaws were found in the way the Ruby REXML XML parser performed expansion of parameter entities. A specially crafted XML document could cause REXML to use an excessive amount of CPU and memory. (CVE-2014-8080, CVE-2014-8090)

A stack-based buffer overflow was found in the implementation of the Ruby Array pack() method. When performing base64 encoding, a single byte could be written past the end of the buffer, possibly causing Ruby to crash. (CVE-2014-4975)

The CVE-2014-8090 issue was discovered by Red Hat Product Security.

All ruby users are advised to upgrade to these updated packages, which contain backported patches to correct these issues. All running instances of Ruby need to be restarted for this update to take effect.

The remote Redhat Enterprise Linux 7 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the RHSA-2014:1912 advisory.

    Ruby is an extensible, interpreted, object-oriented, scripting language.
    It has features to process text files and to perform system management     tasks.

    Multiple denial of service flaws were found in the way the Ruby REXML XML     parser performed expansion of parameter entities. A specially crafted XML     document could cause REXML to use an excessive amount of CPU and memory.
    (CVE-2014-8080, CVE-2014-8090)

    A stack-based buffer overflow was found in the implementation of the Ruby     Array pack() method. When performing base64 encoding, a single byte could     be written past the end of the buffer, possibly causing Ruby to crash.
    (CVE-2014-4975)

    The CVE-2014-8090 issue was discovered by Red Hat Product Security.

    All ruby users are advised to upgrade to these updated packages, which     contain backported patches to correct these issues. All running instances     of Ruby need to be restarted for this update to take effect.

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Red Hat Enterprise Linux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote Oracle Linux 7 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ELSA-2014-1912 advisory.

    - Fix REXML billion laughs attack via parameter entity expansion       (CVE-2014-8080).
      Resolves: rhbz#1163998
    - REXML incomplete fix for CVE-2014-8080 (CVE-2014-8090).
      Resolves: rhbz#1163998
    - Fix off-by-one stack-based buffer overflow in the encodes() function       (CVE-2014-4975)       Resolves: rhbz#1163998

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Oracle Linux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

Updated ruby packages fix security vulnerabilities :

Will Wood discovered that Ruby incorrectly handled the encodes() function. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Ruby to crash, resulting in a denial of service, or possibly execute arbitrary code. The default compiler options for affected releases should reduce the vulnerability to a denial of service (CVE-2014-4975).

Due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2014-8080, 100% CPU utilization can occur as a result of recursive expansion with an empty String. When reading text nodes from an XML document, the REXML parser in Ruby can be coerced into allocating extremely large string objects which can consume all of the memory on a machine, causing a denial of service (CVE-2014-8090).

Additionally ruby has been upgraded to patch level 374.

Update to Ruby 2.1.4. Include only vendor directories, not their content (rhbz#1114071). Fix 'invalid regex' warning for non-rubygem packages (rhbz#1154067). Use load macro introduced in RPM 4.12.

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Fedora security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.

The remote Ubuntu 14.04 LTS host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the USN-2397-1 advisory.

    Will Wood discovered that Ruby incorrectly handled the encodes() function. An attacker could possibly use     this issue to cause Ruby to crash, resulting in a denial of service, or possibly execute arbitrary code.
    The default compiler options for affected releases should reduce the vulnerability to a denial of service.
    (CVE-2014-4975)

    Willis Vandevanter discovered that Ruby incorrectly handled XML entity expansion. An attacker could use     this flaw to cause Ruby to consume large amounts of resources, resulting in a denial of service.
    (CVE-2014-8080)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Ubuntu security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

ID	Name	Product	Family	Severity
233187	RHEL 6 / 7 : ruby193-ruby (RHSA-2014:1913)	Nessus	Red Hat Local Security Checks	high
181041	Oracle Linux 6 : ruby193-ruby (ELSA-2014-1913)	Nessus	Oracle Linux Local Security Checks	high
124931	EulerOS Virtualization 3.0.1.0 : ruby (EulerOS-SA-2019-1428)	Nessus	Huawei Local Security Checks	critical
119065	EulerOS Virtualization 2.5.1 : ruby (EulerOS-SA-2018-1374)	Nessus	Huawei Local Security Checks	medium
99753	openSUSE Security Update : ruby2.1 (openSUSE-2017-527)	Nessus	SuSE Local Security Checks	critical
99578	SUSE SLED12 / SLES12 Security Update : ruby2.1 (SUSE-SU-2017:1067-1)	Nessus	SuSE Local Security Checks	critical
82805	Debian DLA-200-1 : ruby1.9.1 security update	Nessus	Debian Local Security Checks	medium
82382	Mandriva Linux Security Advisory : ruby (MDVSA-2015:129)	Nessus	Mandriva Local Security Checks	medium
81250	Debian DSA-3157-1 : ruby1.9.1 - security update	Nessus	Debian Local Security Checks	medium
79658	Scientific Linux Security Update : ruby on SL7.x x86_64 (20141126)	Nessus	Scientific Linux Local Security Checks	medium
79643	CentOS 7 : ruby (CESA-2014:1912)	Nessus	CentOS Local Security Checks	medium
79596	RHEL 7 : ruby (RHSA-2014:1912)	Nessus	Red Hat Local Security Checks	high
79594	Oracle Linux 7 : ruby (ELSA-2014-1912)	Nessus	Oracle Linux Local Security Checks	high
79571	Mandriva Linux Security Advisory : ruby (MDVSA-2014:225)	Nessus	Mandriva Local Security Checks	medium
79092	Fedora 21 : ruby-2.1.4-24.fc21 (2014-14096)	Nessus	Fedora Local Security Checks	medium
78869	Ubuntu 14.04 LTS : Ruby vulnerabilities (USN-2397-1)	Nessus	Ubuntu Local Security Checks	high

Detections

Analytics

CVE-2014-4975

high

Tenable Plugins

high

high

critical

medium

critical

critical

medium

medium

medium

medium

medium

high

high

medium

medium

high