Images built for the Amazon Linux 2.0.20190218 release included system files with incorrect permissions applied.

Incorrect permissions were applied to files including :

/etc/fstab

/etc/localtime

/etc/image-id

/etc/sysconfig/i18n

/etc/sysconfig/clock

/etc/sysconfig/keyboard

/etc/sysctl.d/99-amazon.conf

/var/lib/rpm/Packages

All users should upgrade to this updated package which corrects permissions for these files if they are not already in the expected state. The latest Amazon Linux 2 AMIs, on-premises VM images, and Docker Hub listings already include these updates.

Go mishandles P-521 and P-384 elliptic curves, which allows attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) or possibly conduct ECDH private key recovery attacks. (CVE-2019-6486)

In the Linux kernel af_alg_release() in crypto/af_alg.c neglects to set a NULL value for a certain structure member, which leads to a use-after-free (UAF) in sockfs_setattr. A local attacker can use this flaw to escalate privileges and take control of the system.
(CVE-2019-8912)

A bug exists in the way mod_ssl handled client renegotiations. A remote attacker could send a carefully crafted request that would cause mod_ssl to enter a loop leading to a denial of service. This bug can be only triggered with Apache HTTP Server version 2.4.37 when using OpenSSL version 1.1.1 or later, due to an interaction in changes to handling of renegotiation attempts. (CVE-2019-0190)

In Apache HTTP server versions 2.4.37 and prior, by sending request bodies in a slow loris way to plain resources, the h2 stream for that request unnecessarily occupied a server thread cleaning up that incoming data. This affects only HTTP/2 (mod_http2) connections.
(CVE-2018-17189)

In Apache HTTP Server 2.4 release 2.4.37 and prior, mod_session checks the session expiry time before decoding the session. This causes session expiry time to be ignored for mod_session_cookie sessions since the expiry time is loaded when the session is decoded.
(CVE-2018-17199)

The GD Graphics Library (aka LibGD) 2.2.5 has a double free in the gdImage*Ptr() functions in gd_gif_out.c, gd_jpeg.c, and gd_wbmp.c.
NOTE: PHP is unaffected.(CVE-2019-6978)

_XcursorThemeInherits in library.c in libXcursor before 1.1.15 allows remote attackers to cause denial of service or potentially code execution via a one-byte heap overflow.(CVE-2015-9262)

Go mishandles P-521 and P-384 elliptic curves, which allows attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) or possibly conduct ECDH private key recovery attacks.(CVE-2019-6486)

Note: This CVE is also fixed in golang-1.11.3-2.amzn2.0.2 in the golang1.11 extras repository.

A vulnerability was found in polkit. When authentication is performed by a non-root user to perform an administrative task, the authentication is temporarily cached in such a way that a local attacker could impersonate the authorized process, thus gaining access to elevated privileges.(CVE-2019-6133)

Crash from assertion error when debug log level is 10 and log entries meet buffer boundary. This flaw appears to be exploitable only when debug logging is enabled and set to at least a level of 10. As this configuration should be rare in production instances of bind, it is unlikely that most servers will be exploitable. The debug level of the bind server can be checked via the rndc status command, which will return the current trace level as 'debug level'. A value of 10 or above would most likely make this flaw exploitable.(CVE-2018-5742)

A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability was found in the certificate parsing code in Python. This causes a denial of service to applications when parsing specially crafted certificates. This vulnerability is unlikely to be triggered if application enables SSL/TLS certificate validation and accepts certificates only from trusted root certificate authorities.(CVE-2019-5010)

A buffer overflow can occur in the Skia library during buffer offset calculations with hardware accelerated canvas 2D actions due to the use of 32-bit calculations instead of 64-bit. This results in a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 60.4, Firefox ESR < 60.4, and Firefox < 64.(CVE-2018-18493)

A same-origin policy violation allowing the theft of cross-origin URL entries when using the Javascript location property to cause a redirection to another site using performance.getEntries(). This is a same-origin policy violation and could allow for data theft. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 60.4, Firefox ESR < 60.4, and Firefox < 64.(CVE-2018-18494)

Incorrect texture handling in Angle in Google Chrome prior to 70.0.3538.67 allowed a remote attacker to perform an out of bounds memory read via a crafted HTML page.(CVE-2018-17466)

Mozilla developers and community members reported memory safety bugs present in Firefox 63 and Firefox ESR 60.3. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort that some of these could be exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 60.4, Firefox ESR < 60.4, and Firefox < 64.(CVE-2018-12405)

A use-after-free vulnerability can occur after deleting a selection element due to a weak reference to the select element in the options collection. This results in a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 60.4, Firefox ESR < 60.4, and Firefox < 64.(CVE-2018-18492)

A potential vulnerability leading to an integer overflow can occur during buffer size calculations for images when a raw value is used instead of the checked value. This leads to a possible out-of-bounds write. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 60.4, Firefox ESR < 60.4, and Firefox < 64.(CVE-2018-18498)

In the Linux kernel af_alg_release() in crypto/af_alg.c neglects to set a NULL value for a certain structure member, which leads to a use-after-free (UAF) in sockfs_setattr. A local attacker can use this flaw to escalate privileges and take control of the system.(CVE-2019-8912)

Perl has a buffer overflow via a crafted regular expression that triggers invalid write operations.(CVE-2018-18311)

A use-after-free vulnerability was found in the way the Linux kernel's KVM hypervisor implements its device control API. While creating a device via kvm_ioctl_create_device(), the device holds a reference to a VM object, later this reference is transferred to the caller's file descriptor table. If such file descriptor was to be closed, reference count to the VM object could become zero, potentially leading to a use-after-free issue. A user/process could use this flaw to crash the guest VM resulting in a denial of service issue or, potentially, gain privileged access to a system.(CVE-2019-6974)

An information leakage issue was found in the way Linux kernel's KVM hypervisor handled page fault exceptions while emulating instructions like VMXON, VMCLEAR, VMPTRLD, and VMWRITE with memory address as an operand. It occurs if the operand is a mmio address, as the returned exception object holds uninitialized stack memory contents. A guest user/process could use this flaw to leak host's stack memory contents to a guest.(CVE-2019-7222)

A use-after-free vulnerability was found in the way the Linux kernel's KVM hypervisor emulates a preemption timer for L2 guests when nested (=1) virtualization is enabled. This high resolution timer(hrtimer) runs when a L2 guest is active. After VM exit, the sync_vmcs12() timer object is stopped. The use-after-free occurs if the timer object is freed before calling sync_vmcs12() routine. A guest user/process could use this flaw to crash the host kernel resulting in a denial of service or, potentially, gain privileged access to a system.(CVE-2019-7221)

A use-after-free vulnerability was found in the way the Linux kernel's KVM hypervisor emulates a preemption timer for L2 guests when nested (=1) virtualization is enabled. This high resolution timer(hrtimer) runs when a L2 guest is active. After VM exit, the sync_vmcs12() timer object is stopped. The use-after-free occurs if the timer object is freed before calling sync_vmcs12() routine. A guest user/process could use this flaw to crash the host kernel resulting in a denial of service or, potentially, gain privileged access to a system.
(CVE-2019-7221)

A use-after-free vulnerability was found in the way the Linux kernel's KVM hypervisor implements its device control API. While creating a device via kvm_ioctl_create_device(), the device holds a reference to a VM object, later this reference is transferred to the caller's file descriptor table. If such file descriptor was to be closed, reference count to the VM object could become zero, potentially leading to a use-after-free issue. A user/process could use this flaw to crash the guest VM resulting in a denial of service issue or, potentially, gain privileged access to a system. (CVE-2019-6974)

An information leakage issue was found in the way Linux kernel's KVM hypervisor handled page fault exceptions while emulating instructions like VMXON, VMCLEAR, VMPTRLD, and VMWRITE with memory address as an operand. It occurs if the operand is a mmio address, as the returned exception object holds uninitialized stack memory contents. A guest user/process could use this flaw to leak host's stack memory contents to a guest. (CVE-2019-7222)

It was found that bus_process_object() in bus-objects.c allocates a buffer on the stack large enough to temporarily store the object path specified in the incoming message. A malicious unprivileged local user to send a message which results in the stack pointer moving outside of the bounds of the currently mapped stack region, jumping over the stack guard pages. A specifically crafted DBUS nessage could crash PID 1 and result in a subsequent kernel panic.(CVE-2019-6454)

libcurl is vulnerable to a heap buffer out-of-bounds read. The function handling incoming NTLM type-2 messages (`lib/vauth/ntlm.c:ntlm_decode_type2_target`) does not validate incoming data correctly and is subject to an integer overflow vulnerability. Using that overflow, a malicious or broken NTLM server could trick libcurl to accept a bad length + offset combination that would lead to a buffer read out-of-bounds.(CVE-2018-16890)

The NTLM authentication feature in curl and libcurl before 7.57.0 on 32-bit platforms allows attackers to cause a denial of service (integer overflow and resultant buffer overflow, and application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via vectors involving long user and password fields.(CVE-2017-8816)

curl and libcurl before 7.57.0 on 32-bit platforms allow attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds access and application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact because too little memory is allocated for interfacing to an SSL library.(CVE-2017-8818)

libcurl may read outside of a heap allocated buffer when doing FTP.
When libcurl connects to an FTP server and successfully logs in (anonymous or not), it asks the server for the current directory with the `PWD` command. The server then responds with a 257 response containing the path, inside double quotes. The returned path name is then kept by libcurl for subsequent uses. Due to a flaw in the string parser for this directory name, a directory name passed like this but without a closing double quote would lead to libcurl not adding a trailing NUL byte to the buffer holding the name. When libcurl would then later access the string, it could read beyond the allocated heap buffer and crash or wrongly access data beyond the buffer, thinking it was part of the path. A malicious server could abuse this fact and effectively prevent libcurl-based clients to work with it - the PWD command is always issued on new FTP connections and the mistake has a high chance of causing a segfault. The simple fact that this has issue remained undiscovered for this long could suggest that malformed PWD responses are rare in benign servers. We are not aware of any exploit of this flaw. This bug was introduced in commit [415d2e7cb7](https://github.com/curl/curl/commit/415d2e7cb7), March 2005. In libcurl version 7.56.0, the parser always zero terminates the string but also rejects it if not terminated properly with a final double quote.(CVE-2017-1000254)

Curl versions 7.14.1 through 7.61.1 are vulnerable to a heap-based buffer over-read in the tool_msgs.c:voutf() function that may result in information exposure and denial of service.(CVE-2018-16842)

libcurl is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow. The function creating an outgoing NTLM type-3 header (`lib/vauth/ntlm.c:Curl_auth_create_ntlm_type3_message()`), generates the request HTTP header contents based on previously received data.
The check that exists to prevent the local buffer from getting overflowed is implemented wrongly (using unsigned math) and as such it does not prevent the overflow from happening. This output data can grow larger than the local buffer if very large 'nt response' data is extracted from a previous NTLMv2 header provided by the malicious or broken HTTP server. Such a 'large value' needs to be around 1000 bytes or more. The actual payload data copied to the target buffer comes from the NTLMv2 type-2 response header.(CVE-2019-3822)

libcurl is vulnerable to a heap out-of-bounds read in the code handling the end-of-response for SMTP. If the buffer passed to `smtp_endofresp()` isn't NUL terminated and contains no character ending the parsed number, and `len` is set to 5, then the `strtol()` call reads beyond the allocated buffer. The read contents will not be returned to the caller.(CVE-2019-3823)

The FTP wildcard function in curl and libcurl before 7.57.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a string that ends with an '[' character.(CVE-2017-8817)

set_file_metadata in xattr.c in GNU Wget before 1.20.1 stores a file's origin URL in the user.xdg.origin.url metadata attribute of the extended attributes of the downloaded file, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information (e.g., credentials contained in the URL) by reading this attribute, as demonstrated by getfattr. This also applies to Referer information in the user.xdg.referrer.url metadata attribute. According to 2016-07-22 in the Wget ChangeLog, user.xdg.origin.url was partially based on the behavior of fwrite_xattr in tool_xattr.c in curl.(CVE-2018-20483)

A buffer overrun flaw was found in the IMAP handler of libcurl. By tricking an unsuspecting user into connecting to a malicious IMAP server, an attacker could exploit this flaw to potentially cause information disclosure or crash the application.(CVE-2017-1000257)

A heap use-after-free flaw was found in curl versions from 7.59.0 through 7.61.1 in the code related to closing an easy handle. When closing and cleaning up an 'easy' handle in the `Curl_close()` function, the library code first frees a struct (without nulling the pointer) and might then subsequently erroneously write to a struct field within that already freed struct.(CVE-2018-16840)

Curl versions 7.33.0 through 7.61.1 are vulnerable to a buffer overrun in the SASL authentication code that may lead to denial of service.(CVE-2018-16839)

LibVNC contains heap out-of-bound write vulnerability in server code of file transfer extension that can result remote code execution (CVE-2018-15127)

An allocation of memory without limits, that could result in the stack clashing with another memory region, was discovered in systemd-journald when a program with long command line arguments calls syslog. A local attacker may use this flaw to crash systemd-journald or escalate privileges.(CVE-2018-16864)

It was discovered that systemd-network does not correctly keep track of a buffer size when constructing DHCPv6 packets. This flaw may lead to an integer underflow that can be used to produce an heap-based buffer overflow. A malicious host on the same network segment as the victim's one may advertise itself as a DHCPv6 server and exploit this flaw to cause a Denial of Service or potentially gain code execution on the victim's machine.(CVE-2018-15688)

An allocation of memory without limits, that could result in the stack clashing with another memory region, was discovered in systemd-journald when many entries are sent to the journal socket. A local attacker, or a remote one if systemd-journal-remote is used, may use this flaw to crash systemd-journald or execute code with journald privileges.(CVE-2018-16865)

PEAR Archive_Tar version 1.4.3 and earlier contains a CWE-502, CWE-915 vulnerability in the Archive_Tar class. There are several file operations with `$v_header['filename']` as parameter (such as file_exists, is_file, is_dir, etc). When extract is called without a specific prefix path, we can trigger unserialization by crafting a tar file with `phar://[path_to_malicious_phar_file]` as path. Object injection can be used to trigger destruct in the loaded PHP classes, e.g. the Archive_Tar class itself. With Archive_Tar object injection, arbitrary file deletion can occur because `@unlink($this->_temp_tarname)` is called. If another class with useful gadget is loaded, it may possible to cause remote code execution that can result in files being deleted or possibly modified.
This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in 1.4.4.(CVE-2018-1000888)

Setup in Amazon Linux 2 added /sbin/nologin and /usr/sbin/nologin to /etc/shells. This violates security assumptions made by pam_shells and some daemons which allow access based on a user's shell being listed in /etc/shells. Under some circumstances, users which had their shell changed to /sbin/nologin could still access the system.
(CVE-2018-1113)

Please note: this update removes the `/sbin/nologin` and `/usr/sbin/nologin` login shells from the `/etc/shells` file due to security reasons. Consequently, when the configuration of the Very Secure File Transfer Protocol Daemon, *vsftpd*, is modified to enable the `chroot_local_user`, FTP logins are impossible.

To work around this problem, add `/sbin/nologin` or `/usr/sbin/nologin`, respectively, to the `/etc/shells` file. As a result, a login shell for users that are allowed to use FTP, but not SSH, is available again. However, note that this workaround exposes
*vsftpd* to the security risk described in this advisory.

Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 63 and Firefox ESR 60.3 (CVE-2018-12390)

Crash with nested event loops (CVE-2018-12392)

Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox ESR 60.3 (CVE-2018-12389)

Integer overflow during Unicode conversion while loading JavaScript (CVE-2018-12393)

A vulnerability was discovered in runc, which is used by Docker to run containers. runc did not prevent container processes from modifying the runc binary via /proc/self/exe. A malicious container could replace the runc binary, resulting in container escape and privilege escalation. This was fixed by creating a per-container copy of runc.(CVE-2019-5736)

set_file_metadata in xattr.c in GNU Wget stores a file's origin URL in the user.xdg.origin.url metadata attribute of the extended attributes of the downloaded file, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information (e.g., credentials contained in the URL) by reading this attribute, as demonstrated by getfattr. This also applies to Referer information in the user.xdg.referrer.url metadata attribute. According to 2016-07-22 in the Wget ChangeLog, user.xdg.origin.url was partially based on the behavior of fwrite_xattr in tool_xattr.c in curl.(CVE-2018-20483)

A heap-based buffer overflow has been found in the Curl_smtp_escape_eob() function of curl. An attacker could exploit this by convincing a user to use curl to upload data over SMTP with a reduced buffer to cause a crash or corrupt memory.(CVE-2018-0500)

_XcursorThemeInherits in library.c in libXcursor allows remote attackers to cause denial of service or potentially code execution via a one-byte heap overflow. (CVE-2015-9262)

A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's NFS41+ subsystem. NFS41+ shares mounted in different network namespaces at the same time can make bc_svc_process() use wrong back-channel IDs and cause a use-after-free vulnerability. Thus a malicious container user can cause a host kernel memory corruption and a system panic. Due to the nature of the flaw, privilege escalation cannot be fully ruled out. (CVE-2018-16884)

A heap use-after-free flaw was found in curl related to closing an easy handle. When closing and cleaning up an 'easy' handle in the `Curl_close()` function, the library code first frees a struct (without nulling the pointer) and might then subsequently erroneously write to a struct field within that already freed struct.
(CVE-2018-16840)

Curl is vulnerable to a buffer overrun in the SASL authentication code that may lead to denial of service. (CVE-2018-16839)

Curl is vulnerable to a heap-based buffer over-read in the tool_msgs.c:voutf() function that may result in information exposure and denial of service. (CVE-2018-16842)

In Apache HTTP Server 2.4.17 to 2.4.34, by sending continuous, large SETTINGS frames a client can occupy a connection, server thread and CPU time without any connection timeout coming to effect. This affects only HTTP/2 connections. A possible mitigation is to not enable the h2 protocol.(CVE-2018-11763)

Heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in extract_status_code() function in lib/html.c that parses HTTP status code returned from web server allows malicious web server or man-in-the-middle attacker pretending to be a web server to cause either a denial of service or potentially execute arbitrary code on keepalived load balancer.(CVE-2018-19115)

The OpenSSL DSA signature algorithm has been shown to be vulnerable to a timing side channel attack. An attacker could use variations in the signing algorithm to recover the private key. (CVE-2018-0734)

An issue was discovered in mspack/chmd.c in libmspack before 0.7alpha.
There is an off-by-one error in the TOLOWER() macro for CHM decompression.(CVE-2018-14682)

An issue was discovered in mspack/chmd.c in libmspack before 0.7alpha.
It does not reject blank CHM filenames.(CVE-2018-14680)

An issue was discovered in mspack/chmd.c in libmspack before 0.7alpha.
There is an off-by-one error in the CHM PMGI/PMGL chunk number validity checks, which could lead to denial of service (uninitialized data dereference and application crash).(CVE-2018-14679)

An issue was discovered in kwajd_read_headers in mspack/kwajd.c in libmspack before 0.7alpha. Bad KWAJ file header extensions could cause a one or two byte overwrite.(CVE-2018-14681)

A heap corruption bug was found in the way libcdio handled processing of ISO files. An attacker could potentially use this flaw to crash applications using libcdio by tricking them into processing crafted ISO files, thus resulting in local DoS.(CVE-2017-18198)

A double-free flaw was found in the way libcdio handled processing of ISO files. An attacker could potentially use this flaw to crash applications using libcdio by tricking them into processing crafted ISO files.(CVE-2017-18201)

A NULL pointer dereference flaw was found in the way libcdio handled processing of ISO files. An attacker could potentially use this flaw to crash applications using libcdio by tricking them into processing crafted ISO files.(CVE-2017-18199)

The JPC_NOMINALGAIN function in jpc/jpc_t1cod.c in JasPer through 2.0.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (JPC_COX_RFT assertion failure) via unspecified vectors.(CVE-2016-9396)

JasPer 2.0.12 is vulnerable to a NULL pointer exception in the function jp2_encode which failed to check to see if the image contained at least one component resulting in a denial-of-service.(CVE-2017-1000050)

A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's NFS41+ subsystem. NFS41+ shares mounted in different network namespaces at the same time can make bc_svc_process() use wrong back-channel IDs and cause a use-after-free vulnerability. Thus a malicious container user can cause a host kernel memory corruption and a system panic. Due to the nature of the flaw, privilege escalation cannot be fully ruled out.(CVE-2018-16884)

MIT krb5 1.6 or later allows an authenticated kadmin with permission to add principals to an LDAP Kerberos database to circumvent a DN containership check by supplying both a 'linkdn' and 'containerdn' database argument, or by supplying a DN string which is a left extension of a container DN string but is not hierarchically within the container DN. (CVE-2018-5730)

MIT krb5 1.6 or later allows an authenticated kadmin with permission to add principals to an LDAP Kerberos database to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) or bypass a DN container check by supplying tagged data that is internal to the database module.
(CVE-2018-5729)

The UNIX pipe which sudo uses to contact SSSD and read the available sudo rules from SSSD utilizes too broad of a set of permissions. Any user who can send a message using the same raw protocol that sudo and SSSD use can read the sudo rules available for any user.
(CVE-2018-10852)

A NULL pointer dereference flaw was found in Samba RPC external printer service. An attacker could use this flaw to cause the printer spooler service to crash. (CVE-2018-1050)

A heap-buffer overflow was found in the way samba clients processed extra long filename in a directory listing. A malicious samba server could use this flaw to cause arbitrary code execution on a samba client. (CVE-2018-10858)

A flaw was found in the way samba allowed the use of weak NTLMv1 authentication even when NTLMv1 was explicitly disabled. A man-in-the-middle attacker could use this flaw to read the credential and other details passed between the samba server and client.
(CVE-2018-1139)

ext/imap/php_imap.c in PHP 5.x and 7.x before 7.3.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and application crash) via an empty string in the message argument to the imap_mail function.(CVE-2018-19935)

University of Washington IMAP Toolkit 2007f on UNIX, as used in imap_open() in PHP and other products, launches an rsh command (by means of the imap_rimap function in c-client/imap4r1.c and the tcp_aopen function in osdep/unix/tcp_unix.c) without preventing argument injection, which might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands if the IMAP server name is untrusted input (e.g., entered by a user of a web application) and if rsh has been replaced by a program with different argument semantics. For example, if rsh is a link to ssh (as seen on Debian and Ubuntu systems), then the attack can use an IMAP server name containing a '-oProxyCommand' argument.(CVE-2018-19518)

An issue was discovered in kwajd_read_headers in mspack/kwajd.c in libmspack before 0.7alpha. Bad KWAJ file header extensions could cause a one or two byte overwrite.(CVE-2018-14681)

An issue was discovered in mspack/chmd.c in libmspack before 0.7alpha.
There is an off-by-one error in the TOLOWER() macro for CHM decompression.(CVE-2018-14682)

An issue was discovered in mspack/chmd.c in libmspack before 0.7alpha.
It does not reject blank CHM filenames.(CVE-2018-14680)

A vulnerability in ClamAV versions prior to 0.100.2 could allow an attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition. The vulnerability is due to an error related to the MEW unpacker within the 'unmew11()' function (libclamav/mew.c), which can be exploited to trigger an invalid read memory access via a specially crafted EXE file.(CVE-2018-15378)

An issue was discovered in mspack/chmd.c in libmspack before 0.7alpha.
There is an off-by-one error in the CHM PMGI/PMGL chunk number validity checks, which could lead to denial of service (uninitialized data dereference and application crash).(CVE-2018-14679)

The USB subsystem mishandles size checks during the reading of an extra descriptor, related to __usb_get_extra_descriptor in drivers/usb/core/usb.c.(CVE-2018-20169)

A flaw was found where an attacker may be able to have an uncontrolled read to kernel-memory from within a vm guest. A race condition between connect() and close() function may allow an attacker using the AF_VSOCK protocol to gather a 4 byte information leak or possibly impersonate AF_VSOCK messages destined to other clients or leak kernel memory.(CVE-2018-14625)

It was discovered that systemd-network does not correctly keep track of a buffer size when constructing DHCPv6 packets. This flaw may lead to an integer underflow that can be used to produce an heap-based buffer overflow. A malicious host on the same network segment as the victim's one may advertise itself as a DHCPv6 server and exploit this flaw to cause a Denial of Service or potentially gain code execution on the victim's machine.(CVE-2018-15688)

An issue was discovered in the OpenSSL library in Ruby. When two OpenSSL::X509::Name objects are compared using ==, depending on the ordering, non-equal objects may return true. When the first argument is one character longer than the second, or the second argument contains a character that is one less than a character in the same position of the first argument, the result of == will be true. This could be leveraged to create an illegitimate certificate that may be accepted as legitimate and then used in signing or encryption operations.(CVE-2018-16395)

An improper input validation was found in function
__zzip_fetch_disk_trailer of ZZIPlib, up to 0.13.68, that could lead to a crash in __zzip_parse_root_directory function of zzip/ip.c.
Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial of service via a crafted zip file.(CVE-2018-7726)

A memory leak was found in unzip-mem.c and unzzip-mem.c of ZZIPlib, up to v0.13.68, that could lead to resource exhaustion. Local attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial of service via a crafted zip file.(CVE-2018-7727)

An out of bounds read was found in function zzip_disk_fread of ZZIPlib, up to 0.13.68, when ZZIPlib mem_disk functionality is used.
Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial of service via a crafted zip file.(CVE-2018-7725)

Large syslogd messages sent to journald can cause stack corruption, causing journald to crash. The version of systemd on Amazon Linux 2 is not vulnerable to privilege escalation in this case. (CVE-2018-16864)

Large native messages to journald can cause stack corruption, leading to possible local privilege escalation.(CVE-2018-16865)

Please note, if you have systemd-journald-remote configured over http, then you could be open to remote escalation on previous versions of the systemd package. The systemd-journald-remote service is not installed by default on Amazon Linux 2, and when installed and enabled, the default configuration is to use https. (CVE-2018-16865)

An out-of-bounds read in journald, triggered by a specially crafted message, can be used to leak information through the journal file (CVE-2018-16866)

In the GNU C Library (aka glibc or libc6) through 2.28, attempting to resolve a crafted hostname via getaddrinfo() leads to the allocation of a socket descriptor that is not closed. This is related to the if_nametoindex() function.(CVE-2018-19591)

The nss-pem package provides the PEM file reader for Network Security Services (NSS) implemented as a PKCS#11 module. This update contains fixes related to CURL security updates, specifically updating an object ID when reusing a certificate

An integer wraparound has been discovered in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library distributed in GNU Binutils up to version 2.30. An attacker could cause a crash by providing an ELF file with corrupted DWARF debug information.(CVE-2018-7568)

The ignore_section_sym function in elf.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30, does not validate the output_section pointer in the case of a symtab entry with a 'SECTION' type that has a '0' value, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and application crash) via a crafted file, as demonstrated by objcopy.(CVE-2018-10535)

The display_debug_ranges function in dwarf.c in GNU Binutils 2.30 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (integer overflow and application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted ELF file, as demonstrated by objdump.(CVE-2018-7643)

concat_filename in dwarf2.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and application crash) via a crafted binary file, as demonstrated by nm-new.(CVE-2018-10373)

The elf_object_p function in elfcode.h in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.29.1, has an unsigned integer overflow because bfd_size_type multiplication is not used. A crafted ELF file allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact.(CVE-2018-6323)

An integer wraparound has been discovered in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library distributed in GNU Binutils up to version 2.30. An attacker could cause a crash by providing an ELF file with corrupted DWARF debug information.(CVE-2018-7569)

The Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (excessive memory allocation and application crash) via a crafted ELF file, as demonstrated by _bfd_elf_parse_attributes in elf-attrs.c and bfd_malloc in libbfd.c. This can occur during execution of nm.(CVE-2018-13033)

process_cu_tu_index in dwarf.c in GNU Binutils 2.30 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted binary file, as demonstrated by readelf.(CVE-2018-10372)

In the coff_pointerize_aux function in coffgen.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.30, an index is not validated, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (segmentation fault) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted file, as demonstrated by objcopy of a COFF object.(CVE-2018-7208)

It was discovered that the ghostscript /invalidaccess checks fail under certain conditions. An attacker could possibly exploit this to bypass the -dSAFER protection and, for example, execute arbitrary shell commands via a specially crafted PostScript document.(CVE-2018-16509)

Git before 2.19.2 on Linux and UNIX executes commands from the current working directory (as if '.' were at the end of $PATH) in certain cases involving the run_command() API and run-command.c, because there was a dangerous change from execvp to execv during 2017.(CVE-2018-19486)

ID	Name	Severity
122861	Amazon Linux 2 : filesystem (ALAS-2019-1175)	High
122760	Amazon Linux AMI : golang (ALAS-2019-1172)	Medium
122759	Amazon Linux AMI : kernel (ALAS-2019-1167)	High
122758	Amazon Linux AMI : httpd24 (ALAS-2019-1166)	Medium
122680	Amazon Linux 2 : libwmf (ALAS-2019-1174)	High
122679	Amazon Linux 2 : libXcursor (ALAS-2019-1173)	High
122678	Amazon Linux 2 : golang (ALAS-2019-1172)	Medium
122677	Amazon Linux 2 : polkit (ALAS-2019-1171)	Medium
122676	Amazon Linux 2 : bind (ALAS-2019-1170)	High
122675	Amazon Linux 2 : python3 (ALAS-2019-1169)	High
122674	Amazon Linux 2 : thunderbird (ALAS-2019-1168)	High
122673	Amazon Linux 2 : kernel (ALAS-2019-1167)	High
122672	Amazon Linux 2 : perl (ALAS-2019-1166)	High
122671	Amazon Linux 2 : kernel (ALAS-2019-1165)	Medium
122602	Amazon Linux AMI : kernel (ALAS-2019-1165)	Medium
122261	Amazon Linux 2 : systemd (ALAS-2019-1164)	High
122260	Amazon Linux 2 : curl (ALAS-2019-1162)	High
122162	Amazon Linux 2 : libvncserver (ALAS-2019-1161)	High
122161	Amazon Linux 2 : systemd (ALAS-2019-1160)	High
122160	Amazon Linux 2 : php-pear (ALAS-2019-1159)	Medium
122159	Amazon Linux 2 : setup (ALAS-2019-1158)	Medium
122158	Amazon Linux 2 : thunderbird (ALAS-2019-1157)	High
122096	Amazon Linux AMI : docker (ALAS-2019-1156)	High
122035	Amazon Linux AMI : curl (ALAS-2019-1151)	High
122034	Amazon Linux AMI : libXcursor (ALAS-2019-1150)	High
121370	Amazon Linux AMI : kernel (ALAS-2019-1149)	Medium
121369	Amazon Linux AMI : curl (ALAS-2019-1148)	High
121368	Amazon Linux 2 : httpd (ALAS-2019-1155)	Medium
121367	Amazon Linux 2 : keepalived (ALAS-2019-1154)	High
121366	Amazon Linux 2 : openssl (ALAS-2019-1153)	Medium
121365	Amazon Linux 2 : libmspack (ALAS-2019-1152)	Medium
121364	Amazon Linux 2 : libcdio (ALAS-2019-1151)	High
121363	Amazon Linux 2 : jasper (ALAS-2019-1150)	Medium
121362	Amazon Linux 2 : kernel (ALAS-2019-1149)	Medium
121361	Amazon Linux AMI : krb5 (ALAS-2018-1129)	Medium
121360	Amazon Linux AMI : sssd (ALAS-2018-1127)	Medium
121359	Amazon Linux AMI : samba (ALAS-2018-1126)	Medium
121132	Amazon Linux AMI : php56 / php70,php71,php72 (ALAS-2019-1147)	High
121131	Amazon Linux AMI : clamav (ALAS-2019-1146)	Medium
121130	Amazon Linux AMI : kernel (ALAS-2019-1145)	High
121054	Amazon Linux 2 : kernel (ALAS-2019-1145)	High
121053	Amazon Linux 2 : NetworkManager (ALAS-2019-1144)	High
121052	Amazon Linux 2 : ruby (ALAS-2019-1143)	High
121051	Amazon Linux 2 : zziplib (ALAS-2019-1142)	Medium
121050	Amazon Linux 2 : systemd (ALAS-2019-1141)	Medium
121049	Amazon Linux 2 : glibc (ALAS-2019-1140)	Medium
121048	Amazon Linux 2 : nss-pem (ALAS-2019-1139)	High
121047	Amazon Linux 2 : binutils (ALAS-2019-1138)	Medium
119815	Amazon Linux AMI : ghostscript (ALAS-2018-1137)	High
119814	Amazon Linux AMI : git (ALAS-2018-1136)	High

Amazon Linux Local Security Checks Family for Nessus