vm2 versions 3.10.2 through 3.11.6 contain a sandbox escape vulnerability on Node.js 26 where Promise.prototype.finally() bypasses vm2's wrapper protections due to a stale PromiseThenLookupChain protector in V8 14.6. Attackers can exploit this by creating an async function that returns a Promise with an attacker-controlled constructor Symbol.species, allowing them to reach the host Function constructor and process object for arbitrary code execution.
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.10.2-through-3.11.6-sandbox-escape-via-promise-protector
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-27g9-p43v-cw3v
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/7b26e81087ec88c287d9a4812f969d412f32774e
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/4635ddd85839461c8ad791990023a477efefe7bd
Published: 2026-09-17
Updated: 2026-09-19
Base Score: 10
Vector: CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
Severity: Critical
Base Score: 9.8
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Severity: Critical
Base Score: 9.3
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Severity: Critical
EPSS: 0.0058