Nodemailer before 9.1.0 fails to apply UTS-46 normalization when encoding international domain names, causing the domain resolver to compute a different Punycode A-label than standards-compliant parsers. Attackers can craft recipient addresses with invisible characters or compatibility mappings that pass domain allow-list checks but are delivered to attacker-controlled domains via SMTP.
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nodemailer-before-9.1.0-idn-punycode-domain-allow-list-bypass
https://github.com/nodemailer/nodemailer/security/advisories/GHSA-wmmp-3585-3rmp
Published: 2026-09-16
Updated: 2026-09-17
Base Score: 6.1
Vector: CVSS2#AV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:C/I:P/A:N
Severity: Medium
Base Score: 6.5
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
Severity: Medium
Base Score: 8.3
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Severity: High
EPSS: 0.00264