A remote HTTP server can set a cookie that curl accepts and writes to a Netscape cookie jar but cannot reload. On the next invocation using the same path for `--cookie` and `--cookie-jar`, curl fails before connecting, then the cleanup procedure replaces the jar with an empty file, deleting cookies for unrelated domains.
https://hackerone.com/reports/3973201
https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2026-105277