Image::WebP versions before 0.3.0 for Perl bundle a vulnerable version of libwebp. Image::WebP does not link to the system libwebp. Instead, it uses a bundled copy of libwebp 0.3.0 (released 2013-03-20). That version has multiple known vulnerabilities, including CVE-2023-4863. Any caller that decodes an untrusted WebP image reaches the bundled decoder. Because the library is compiled into the module, upgrading the system libwebp does not remediate this.
https://github.com/extratao/Image-WebP
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4863
https://metacpan.org/release/ZAPAD/Image-WebP-0.3.0/source/Changes
https://metacpan.org/release/ZAPAD/Image-WebP-0.2/source/webp-src/NEWS