Logto is the modern, open-source auth infrastructure for SaaS and AI apps. Prior to 1.41.0, Logto's self-hosted SAML application IdP built the signed SAML response and assertion by string-substituting user-controlled profile attributes such as name, email, and custom attribute-mapping values into element-text placeholders of a SAML XML template using samlify 2.10.0, which left those placeholders unescaped. An authenticated low-privilege user could place XML markup in a profile attribute so Logto signed a forged SAML attribute, such as an arbitrary role, allowing privilege escalation at relying Service Providers that authorize on SAML attributes. This issue is fixed in version 1.41.0.
https://github.com/logto-io/logto/security/advisories/GHSA-vfpw-vq44-4p63
https://github.com/logto-io/logto/releases/tag/v1.41.0
https://github.com/logto-io/logto/pull/9107
https://github.com/logto-io/logto/commit/9097054860f0d638d90778d3dcde2ba050b844b6