node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.16, tar (node-tar) applies a PAX extended header's size= record (and other PAX overrides) to the next header entry of any type, including intermediary metadata headers such as a GNU long-name (L) or long-link (K) entry. Per POSIX pax, a PAX extended header (x) describes the next file entry, not the intermediary extension headers that may sit between the x header and the file it annotates. Because node-tar lets the PAX size override the byte length of an intervening L/K/x header, an attacker can desynchronize node-tar's stream cursor relative to every other mainstream tar implementation (GNU tar, libarchive/bsdtar, Python tarfile, and the now-fixed tar-rs / astral-tokio-tar). The result is a tar parser interpretation differential (CWE-436): a single crafted archive yields a different set of members under node-tar than under the reference tar tools. An attacker can use this to hide a member from one parser while it is visible to another, which defeats security tooling whose scanner and extractor disagree on archive contents (e.g. a malware/secret scanner that lists entries with one library while a downstream step extracts with another) This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.16.

There are packages installed that are affected by a vulnerability referenced in the following CVE:

  - node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.16, tar (node-tar) applies a PAX extended
    header's size= record (and other PAX overrides) to the next header entry of any type, including
    intermediary metadata headers such as a GNU long-name (L) or long-link (K) entry. Per POSIX pax, a PAX
    extended header (x) describes the next file entry, not the intermediary extension headers that may sit
    between the x header and the file it annotates. Because node-tar lets the PAX size override the byte
    length of an intervening L/K/x header, an attacker can desynchronize node-tar's stream cursor relative to
    every other mainstream tar implementation (GNU tar, libarchive/bsdtar, Python tarfile, and the now-fixed
    tar-rs / astral-tokio-tar). The result is a tar parser interpretation differential (CWE-436): a single
    crafted archive yields a different set of members under node-tar than under the reference tar tools. An
    attacker can use this to hide a member from one parser while it is visible to another, which defeats
    security tooling whose scanner and extractor disagree on archive contents (e.g. a malware/secret scanner
    that lists entries with one library while a downstream step extracts with another) This vulnerability is
    fixed in 7.5.16. (CVE-2026-53655)

It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ALAS2023-2026-2059 advisory.

    brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits     exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding '{}' brace groups. An attacker who     passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and     event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the     recursion work. (CVE-2026-13149)

    undici's cache interceptor mishandles malformed Cache-Control private directives. In undici 7.0.0 up to     before 7.29.0 and 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, a response carrying a degenerate qualified private directive,     such as private set to an empty value, can be stored in the default shared cache and later served to a     different caller with the same cache key, disclosing private response bodies and headers including Set-     Cookie. Separately, a Cache-Control header that combines an unqualified private directive with a qualified     one triggers an uncaught TypeError in the cache-control parser, which rejects the request and, depending     on the consumer's error handling, can terminate the process. Both issues affect applications using the     cache interceptor in shared mode, including the default configuration. The issues are fixed in undici     7.29.0 and 8.9.0. (CVE-2026-13697)

    undici's cache interceptor mishandles optional whitespace placed around the equals sign of a qualified no-     cache or private Cache-Control directive. In undici from 7.0.0 up to before 7.29.0 and from 8.0.0 up to     before 8.9.0, the parser either drops the directive or stores a field name with literal quote characters,     so the cache decision fails to recognize the qualification and the response is stored. In shared-cache     mode, this lets a response containing one user's authenticated data be served from cache to a later     caller, including an unauthenticated one, when both requests resolve to the same cache key. It affects     applications that enable the cache interceptor in shared mode, forward Authorization headers upstream, and     receive cacheable responses with qualified directives padded with whitespace around the equals sign. This     is the whitespace-around-equals variant that the fix for CVE-2026-9678 did not normalize, and it is fixed     in undici 7.29.0 and 8.9.0. (CVE-2026-14643)

    undici does not validate the type property of a duck-typed blob-like request body before using it as the     Content-Type header on the HTTP/1.1 dispatcher. In undici before 6.28.0, from 7.0.0 up to before 7.29.0,     and from 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, an application that passes a hand-rolled blob-like body (via request,     stream, pipeline, or dispatch) whose type is derived from untrusted input allows an attacker to inject     CRLF sequences and append arbitrary HTTP headers, potentially smuggling a second request past the     upstream. Native Blob objects are safe because their constructor strips CRLF from the type, and fetch is     unaffected because it validates headers, but ecosystem libraries that build duck-typed blob shapes from     user input can reach the vulnerable path. This is the same defect class as CVE-2022-35948 and     CVE-2026-1527, on a header sink that the earlier fixes did not cover. The issue is fixed in undici 6.28.0,     7.29.0, and 8.9.0. (CVE-2026-15157)

    undici's retry interceptor can deliver a response whose body length does not match the Content-Length     header exposed to the application after a retry or resume of a partial response. In undici before 6.28.0,     from 7.0.0 up to before 7.29.0, and from 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, a malicious or faulty upstream can     return a partial response with a mismatched framing header, close the socket early, and have the retry     interceptor assemble a body of a different length while the original Content-Length stays attached.
    Applications that use the retry interceptor and forward upstream headers and bodies downstream, such as     proxies or gateways, may then emit an invalid HTTP response with a stale Content-Length, leading to     downstream response desynchronization, connection hangs, or response corruption. Exploitation requires the     retry interceptor enabled, an upstream returning a mismatched partial response, and a downstream forwarder     that does not remove or recalculate Content-Length. The issue is fixed in undici 6.28.0, 7.29.0, and     8.9.0. (CVE-2026-16728)

    undici's setCookie function does not fully sanitize cookie attributes. In undici before 6.28.0, from 7.0.0     up to before 7.29.0, and from 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, a domain value is not checked for semicolons and     entries in the unparsed array are not sanitized, so attacker-influenced input can inject additional cookie     attributes. For example, a domain value containing a semicolon can append attributes such as SameSite, and     an unparsed entry can inject attributes such as HttpOnly, without the caller setting them. Applications     that pass user-controlled input to these fields, such as multi-tenant or reverse-proxy servers that scope     session cookies to a tenant-supplied domain, can have SameSite CSRF protections bypassed, or the Secure,     HttpOnly, and SameSite attributes forced, stripped, or overridden. The issue is fixed in undici 6.28.0,     7.29.0, and 8.9.0. (CVE-2026-16729)

    node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.16, tar (node-tar) applies a PAX extended     header's size= record (and other PAX overrides) to the next header entry of any type, including     intermediary metadata headers such as a GNU long-name (L) or long-link (K) entry. Per POSIX pax, a PAX     extended header (x) describes the next file entry, not the intermediary extension headers that may sit     between the x header and the file it annotates. Because node-tar lets the PAX size override the byte     length of an intervening L/K/x header, an attacker can desynchronize node-tar's stream cursor relative to     every other mainstream tar implementation (GNU tar, libarchive/bsdtar, Python tarfile, and the now-fixed     tar-rs / astral-tokio-tar). The result is a tar parser interpretation differential (CWE-436): a single     crafted archive yields a different set of members under node-tar than under the reference tar tools. An     attacker can use this to hide a member from one parser while it is visible to another, which defeats     security tooling whose scanner and extractor disagree on archive contents (e.g. a malware/secret scanner     that lists entries with one library while a downstream step extracts with another) This vulnerability is     fixed in 7.5.16. (CVE-2026-53655)

    HTTP/2 retained headers can bypass maxSessionMemory limits (CVE-2026-56846)

    A flaw in Node.js Permission Model enforcement allows `trace_events.createTracing().enable()` Writes Trace     Logs Outside `--allow-fs-write`.This can lead to confidentiality impact or bypass of the intended security     boundary under affected configurations.This vulnerability affects Node.js **22.x**, **24.x**, and
    **26.x**. (CVE-2026-56847)

    A flaw in Node.js HTTP/2 handling allows nghttp2_session_mem_send() to be called re-entrantly while     nghttp2_session_mem_recv() is executing, resulting in a heap-use-after-free. (CVE-2026-56848)

    A flaw in Node.js HTTPS Agent connection reuse can cause PFX object-array key collisions, allowing mutual     TLS (mTLS) client identities to be reused across requests configured with different client     certificates.This vulnerability affects Node.js **26.x**, **24.x**, and **22.x**. (CVE-2026-56850)

    A flaw in Node.js Permission Model enforcement allows process.report writes (and overwrites) files outside
    --allow-fs-write paths.

    This can lead to confidentiality impact or bypass of the intended security boundary under affected     configurations. (CVE-2026-58039)

    An incomplete fix has been identified in Node.js: HTTPS Agent TLS session reuse skips hostname     verification across identity policies (incomplete fix of CVE-2026-48934).This vulnerability affects     Node.js **22.x**, **24.x**, and **26.x**. (CVE-2026-58040)

    NOTE: https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/july-2026-security-releases#nodesqlite-sqltagstore-     iterator-replay-can-re-execute-writes-cve-2026-58041---medium (CVE-2026-58041)

    A flaw in Node.js can cause dns.resolveAny() to abort the process when a DNS response contains more than     256 A records.

    Repeated triggering of this condition can lead to denial of service. (CVE-2026-58042)

    A flaw in Node.js Permission Model enforcement can over-grant filesystem access across radix-tree prefix     boundaries.Under `--permission`, an attacker who is granted access to one path can abuse boundary handling     to read from or write to paths outside the intended filesystem allowlist.This vulnerability affects     Node.js **main**, **22.x**, **24.x**, and **26.x**. (CVE-2026-58043)

    NOTE: https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/july-2026-security-releases#http-parser-header-truncation-     can-enable-request-smuggling-cve-2026-58044---low (CVE-2026-58044)

    NOTE: https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/july-2026-security-releases#nodezlib-sync-apis-can-crash-     on-spoofed-typedarray-length-cve-2026-58045---medium (CVE-2026-58045)

    node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.18, node-tar coerces all-digit     PAX path and linkpath values in src/pax.ts to JavaScript numbers, causing downstream path handling such as     normalizeWindowsPath(entry.path).split('/') to throw an uncaught TypeError. This issue is fixed in version     7.5.18. (CVE-2026-59871)

    node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.19, node-tar does not enforce     hard upper bounds on total decompressed data, entry counts, or decompression ratio in extraction and     parsing paths such as src/extract.ts, allowing a small crafted gzip bomb to exhaust disk space and CPU.
    This issue is fixed in version 7.5.19. (CVE-2026-59873)

    node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.18, tar.replace accepts a     checksum-valid tar header with a negative base-256 encoded entry size, causing the archive scanner to make     no progress while repeatedly parsing the same header. This issue is fixed in version 7.5.18.
    (CVE-2026-59874)

    node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.17, node-tar does not strip NUL     bytes from PAX path and linkpath records in src/pax.ts, allowing a crafted archive with values to reach     fs.lstat or fs.open and terminate the process with an uncaught exception. This issue is fixed in version     7.5.17. (CVE-2026-59875)

    CPU-exhaustion denial of service via unbounded DNS name compression pointer chains (CVE-2026-69184)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the tested product security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The Linux/Unix host has one or more packages installed that are impacted by a vulnerability without a vendor supplied patch available.

  - node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.16, tar (node-tar) applies a PAX extended     header's size= record (and other PAX overrides) to the next header entry of any type, including     intermediary metadata headers such as a GNU long-name (L) or long-link (K) entry. Per POSIX pax, a PAX     extended header (x) describes the next file entry, not the intermediary extension headers that may sit     between the x header and the file it annotates. Because node-tar lets the PAX size override the byte     length of an intervening L/K/x header, an attacker can desynchronize node-tar's stream cursor relative to     every other mainstream tar implementation (GNU tar, libarchive/bsdtar, Python tarfile, and the now-fixed     tar-rs / astral-tokio-tar). The result is a tar parser interpretation differential (CWE-436): a single     crafted archive yields a different set of members under node-tar than under the reference tar tools. An     attacker can use this to hide a member from one parser while it is visible to another, which defeats     security tooling whose scanner and extractor disagree on archive contents (e.g. a malware/secret scanner     that lists entries with one library while a downstream step extracts with another) This vulnerability is     fixed in 7.5.16. (CVE-2026-53655)

Note that Nessus relies on the presence of the package as reported by the vendor.

ID	Name	Product	Family	Type	Severity
461153	Echo: tar: security update to 7.5.16	Tenable Cloud Security	Echo Local Security Checks	Local	medium
461153	Echo: tar: security update to 7.5.16	Tenable Self-Hosted Container Security	Echo Local Security Checks	Local	medium
337228	Amazon Linux 2023 : nodejs24, nodejs24-devel, nodejs24-full-i18n (ALAS2023-2026-2059)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	Local	critical
322160	Linux Distros Unpatched Vulnerability : CVE-2026-53655	Nessus	Misc.	Local	medium
443204	SCA: security update for tar (GHSA-vmf3-w455-68vh)	Tenable Cloud Security	SCA Checks	Local	medium
443204	SCA: security update for tar (GHSA-vmf3-w455-68vh)	Tenable Self-Hosted Container Security	SCA Checks	Local	medium

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CVE-2026-53655

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medium