In rsync 3.0.1 through 3.4.1, receive_xattr relies on an untrusted length value during a qsort call, leading to a receiver use-after-free. The victim must run rsync with -X (aka --xattrs). On Linux, many (but not all) common configurations are vulnerable. Non-Linux platforms are more widely vulnerable.
https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/16/2