Laravel Passport provides OAuth2 server support to Laravel. From 13.0.0 to before 13.7.1, there is an Authentication Bypass for client_credentials tokens. the league/oauth2-server library sets the JWT sub claim to the client identifier (since there's no user). The token guard then passes this value to retrieveById() without validating it's actually a user identifier, potentially resolving an unrelated real user. Any machine-to-machine token can inadvertently authenticate as an actual user. This vulnerability is fixed in 13.7.1.
https://github.com/thephpleague/oauth2-server/issues/1456#issuecomment-2734989996
https://github.com/laravel/passport/security/advisories/GHSA-349c-2h2f-mxf6
https://github.com/laravel/passport/pull/1902