Action Pack is a Rubygem for building web applications on the Rails framework. In versions on the 8.1 branch prior to 8.1.2.1, the debug exceptions page does not properly escape exception messages. A carefully crafted exception message could inject arbitrary HTML and JavaScript into the page, leading to XSS. This affects applications with detailed exception pages enabled (`config.consider_all_requests_local = true`), which is the default in development. Version 8.1.2.1 contains a patch.
https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-pgm4-439c-5jp6
https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.2.1
https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/6752711c8c31d79ba50d13af6a6698a3b85415e0
Published: 2026-03-23
Updated: 2026-03-24
Base Score: 4.3
Vector: CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N
Severity: Medium
Base Score: 6.1
Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Severity: Medium
Base Score: 5.3
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N
Severity: Medium
EPSS: 0.00015