express-rate-limit is a basic rate-limiting middleware for Express. From 8.6.0 until 8.7.2, the built-in MemoryStore returns a Client whose mutable resetTime object is retained by middleware using skipFailedRequests or skipSuccessfulRequests. When a later request resets the client window, MemoryStore.resetClient mutates that same Date, so an earlier request that finishes or disconnects after the reset can pass the stale-window guard and decrement the current window's count. A client able to keep requests in flight across the boundary can obtain a bounded extra burst of up to one additional configured limit in the new window; the behavior does not increase the sustained rate. Stores that return a fresh Date are not affected. This issue is fixed in version 8.7.2.
https://github.com/express-rate-limit/express-rate-limit/security/advisories/GHSA-j3cq-92fq-qg5f
https://github.com/express-rate-limit/express-rate-limit/releases/tag/v8.7.2
https://github.com/express-rate-limit/express-rate-limit/pull/707