Time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) vulnerability combined with missing input validation in Caliptra Core ROM (UpdateResetFlow::run()) in subsystem mode allows a compromised local attacker to silently bypass secure boot by supplying an AXI staging address that is not validated against the strap-configured SS_EXTERNAL_STAGING_AREA_BASE_ADDR, enabling firmware to be modified between verification and loading into ICCM. Attestation continues to report the originally verified image digest, masking the compromise. Exploitation requires a compromised MCU firmware with AXI manager access to unprotected SRAM reachable by Caliptra. This issue affects Core ROM: 2.1.0 through 2.1.1.
https://github.com/chipsalliance/caliptra-sw/security/advisories/GHSA-49mm-5gq5-v97f
Published: 2026-08-04
Updated: 2026-08-04
Base Score: 5.4
Vector: CVSS2#AV:L/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:P/A:N
Severity: Medium
Base Score: 7
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Severity: High
Base Score: 5.7
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Severity: Medium
EPSS: 0.00082