gpgtar in GnuPG before 2.5.19 can allow file overwrite via crafted data in an archive. When extracting an untrusted archive with --directory (aka -C) into an existing directory containing a pre-existing symlink, gpgtar can follow that symlink and create or overwrite a file outside the selected extraction directory. The write is limited by the extraction user's filesystem permissions. An archive extracted into a fresh empty directory does not have this risk.
https://static.dev.gnupg.org/T8159.html
https://lists.gnupg.org/pipermail/gnupg-announce/2026q2/000504.html
https://github.com/gpg/gnupg/commit/7a2692fe5e580ae3bbb2a47abc4baaf1af65aa88