An issue was discovered in localstack 4.9.2 allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted content hosted on a web-accessable URL and when passed said URL in the the templateURL to the _localstack/cloudformation/deploy endpoint, the hosted content can get executed in the context of the docker container.
https://github.com/localstack/localstack/pull/13293/
https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-211174
https://cyberroute.github.io/post/2025-12-11-localstack-hack/