In multiple functions of AppOpsControllerImpl.java, there is a possible way to record audio without displaying the privacy indicator due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.
https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2025-09-01
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/acbd37d21c2feffb6d64e669b956d59a6062b751
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/20e363e2225843ff3cc7d6bea05ae2f4db83b408
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/00344da68fce6ec4f7a1bf36f0ea3797805f00ce
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/av/+/8c09eb1034cb3b02a66f6c241c0b9c9981998d6f
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/av/+/37e7f808fad105da187b021fb762a66d37c9212a