In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: verify orphan file size is not too big In principle orphan file can be arbitrarily large. However orphan replay needs to traverse it all and we also pin all its buffers in memory. Thus filesystems with absurdly large orphan files can lead to big amounts of memory consumed. Limit orphan file size to a sane value and also use kvmalloc() for allocating array of block descriptor structures to avoid large order allocations for sane but large orphan files.
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a2d803fab8a6c6a874277cb80156dc114db91921
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/95a21611b14ae0a401720645245a8db16f040995
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/566a1d6084563bd07433025aa23bcea4427de107
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/304fc34ff6fc8261138fd81f119e024ac3a129e9
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b9da798ff0f4d026c5f0f815047393ebe7d8859
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a6ce20c156442a4ce2a404747bb0fb05d54eeb3