In clearAllowBgActivityStarts of PendingIntentRecord.java, there is a possible way for an application to launch an activity from the background due to BAL Bypass. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2025-05-01
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/ccba6717779fea0a86b6326f9925c36fc837738c
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/bba26504af51d2dd3b8eddeb96e59cac8fcb9070