In dump of WindowManagerService.java, there is a possible way of running dumpsys without the required permission due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2025-05-01
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/63ae789499395abc2b71fd46f57cac3c4ba1bd9d