The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.5. An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system.
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122375
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122374
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122373
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/9