Wazuh is a free and open source platform used for threat prevention, detection, and response. Starting in version 4.4.0 and prior to version 4.9.1, an unsafe deserialization vulnerability allows for remote code execution on Wazuh servers. DistributedAPI parameters are a serialized as JSON and deserialized using `as_wazuh_object` (in `framework/wazuh/core/cluster/common.py`). If an attacker manages to inject an unsanitized dictionary in DAPI request/response, they can forge an unhandled exception (`__unhandled_exc__`) to evaluate arbitrary python code. The vulnerability can be triggered by anybody with API access (compromised dashboard or Wazuh servers in the cluster) or, in certain configurations, even by a compromised agent. Version 4.9.1 contains a fix.
https://www.bitsight.com/blog/rondodox-botnet-infrastructure-analysis
https://www.darkreading.com/vulnerabilities-threats/mirai-botnets-exploit-wazuh-security-platform
https://hackread.com/two-mirai-botnets-lzrd-resgod-exploiting-wazuh-flaw/
https://www.securityweek.com/mirai-botnets-exploiting-wazuh-security-platform-vulnerability/
https://www.databreachtoday.com/mirai-botnets-exploit-flaw-in-unpatched-wazuh-servers-a-28624
https://github.com/guinea-offensive-security/Wazuh-RCE
https://github.com/rxerium/CVE-2025-24016
https://github.com/0xjessie21/CVE-2025-24016
https://github.com/huseyinstif/CVE-2025-24016-Nuclei-Template
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-24016
https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisories/GHSA-hcrc-79hj-m3qh