In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: do proper folio cleanup when cow_file_range() failed [BUG] When testing with COW fixup marked as BUG_ON() (this is involved with the new pin_user_pages*() change, which should not result new out-of-band dirty pages), I hit a crash triggered by the BUG_ON() from hitting COW fixup path. This BUG_ON() happens just after a failed btrfs_run_delalloc_range(): BTRFS error (device dm-2): failed to run delalloc range, root 348 ino 405 folio 65536 submit_bitmap 6-15 start 90112 len 106496: -28 ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at fs/btrfs/extent_io.c:1444! Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] SMP CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 434621 Comm: kworker/u24:8 Tainted: G OE 6.12.0-rc7-custom+ #86 Hardware name: QEMU KVM Virtual Machine, BIOS unknown 2/2/2022 Workqueue: events_unbound btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space [btrfs] pc : extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] lr : extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] Call trace: extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] extent_writepage+0x218/0x330 [btrfs] extent_write_cache_pages+0x1d4/0x4b0 [btrfs] btrfs_writepages+0x94/0x150 [btrfs] do_writepages+0x74/0x190 filemap_fdatawrite_wbc+0x88/0xc8 start_delalloc_inodes+0x180/0x3b0 [btrfs] btrfs_start_delalloc_roots+0x174/0x280 [btrfs] shrink_delalloc+0x114/0x280 [btrfs] flush_space+0x250/0x2f8 [btrfs] btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space+0x180/0x228 [btrfs] process_one_work+0x164/0x408 worker_thread+0x25c/0x388 kthread+0x100/0x118 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 Code: aa1403e1 9402f3ef aa1403e0 9402f36f (d4210000) ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [CAUSE] That failure is mostly from cow_file_range(), where we can hit -ENOSPC. Although the -ENOSPC is already a bug related to our space reservation code, let's just focus on the error handling. For example, we have the following dirty range [0, 64K) of an inode, with 4K sector size and 4K page size: 0 16K 32K 48K 64K |///////////////////////////////////////| |#######################################| Where |///| means page are still dirty, and |###| means the extent io tree has EXTENT_DELALLOC flag. - Enter extent_writepage() for page 0 - Enter btrfs_run_delalloc_range() for range [0, 64K) - Enter cow_file_range() for range [0, 64K) - Function btrfs_reserve_extent() only reserved one 16K extent So we created extent map and ordered extent for range [0, 16K) 0 16K 32K 48K 64K |////////|//////////////////////////////| |<- OE ->|##############################| And range [0, 16K) has its delalloc flag cleared. But since we haven't yet submit any bio, involved 4 pages are still dirty. - Function btrfs_reserve_extent() returns with -ENOSPC Now we have to run error cleanup, which will clear all EXTENT_DELALLOC* flags and clear the dirty flags for the remaining ranges: 0 16K 32K 48K 64K |////////| | | | | Note that range [0, 16K) still has its pages dirty. - Some time later, writeback is triggered again for the range [0, 16K) since the page range still has dirty flags. - btrfs_run_delalloc_range() will do nothing because there is no EXTENT_DELALLOC flag. - extent_writepage_io() finds page 0 has no ordered flag Which falls into the COW fixup path, triggering the BUG_ON(). Unfortunately this error handling bug dates back to the introduction of btrfs. Thankfully with the abuse of COW fixup, at least it won't crash the kernel. [FIX] Instead of immediately unlocking the extent and folios, we keep the extent and folios locked until either erroring out or the whole delalloc range finished. When the whole delalloc range finished without error, we just unlock the whole range with PAGE_SET_ORDERED (and PAGE_UNLOCK for !keep_locked cases) ---truncated---

The remote Oracle Linux 10 / 9 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ELSA-2025-20551 advisory.

    - scsi: fnic: Fix crash in fnic_wq_cmpl_handler when FDMI times out (Karan Tilak Kumar) [Orabug:
    38175020,38226429] {CVE-2025-38238}
    - KVM: x86/xen: Fix cleanup logic in emulation of Xen schedop poll hypercalls (Manuel Andreas) [Orabug:
    38254220] {CVE-2025-38469}
    - btrfs: fix block group refcount race in btrfs_create_pending_block_groups() (Boris Burkov) [Orabug:
    37844509] {CVE-2025-22115}
    - clone_private_mnt(): make sure that caller has CAP_SYS_ADMIN in the right userns (Al Viro) [Orabug:
    38310005] {CVE-2025-38499}
    - efivarfs: Fix memory leak of efivarfs_fs_info in fs_context error paths (Breno Leitao) [Orabug:
    38324320] {CVE-2025-38549}
    - rxrpc: Fix recv-recv race of completed call (David Howells) [Orabug: 38324205] {CVE-2025-38524}
    - net/sched: Return NULL when htb_lookup_leaf encounters an empty rbtree (William Liu) [Orabug: 38254212]     {CVE-2025-38468}
    - net: vlan: fix VLAN 0 refcount imbalance of toggling filtering during runtime (Dong Chenchen) [Orabug:
    38254223] {CVE-2025-38470}
    - tls: always refresh the queue when reading sock (Jakub Kicinski) [Orabug: 38254232] {CVE-2025-38471}
    - virtio-net: fix recursived rtnl_lock() during probe() (Zigit Zo) [Orabug: 38324329] {CVE-2025-38551}
    - netfilter: nf_conntrack: fix crash due to removal of uninitialised entry (Florian Westphal) [Orabug:
    38254235] {CVE-2025-38472}
    - ipv6: mcast: Delay put pmc->idev in mld_del_delrec() (Yue Haibing) [Orabug: 38324325] {CVE-2025-38550}
    - Bluetooth: Fix null-ptr-deref in l2cap_sock_resume_cb() (Kuniyuki Iwashima) [Orabug: 38254239]     {CVE-2025-38473}
    - usb: net: sierra: check for no status endpoint (Oliver Neukum) [Orabug: 38254247] {CVE-2025-38474}
    - ice: add NULL check in eswitch lag check (Dave Ertman) [Orabug: 38324213] {CVE-2025-38526}
    - hwmon: (corsair-cpro) Validate the size of the received input buffer (Marius Zachmann) [Orabug:
    38324317] {CVE-2025-38548}
    - net: phy: Don't register LEDs for genphy (Sean Anderson) [Orabug: 38324260] {CVE-2025-38537}
    - smc: Fix various oops due to inet_sock type confusion. (Kuniyuki Iwashima) [Orabug: 38254256]     {CVE-2025-38475}
    - smb: client: fix use-after-free in cifs_oplock_break (Wang Zhaolong) [Orabug: 38324216] {CVE-2025-38527}
    - rpl: Fix use-after-free in rpl_do_srh_inline(). (Kuniyuki Iwashima) [Orabug: 38254259] {CVE-2025-38476}
    - net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate (Xiang Mei) [Orabug: 38254264] {CVE-2025-38477}
    - bpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers (Paul Chaignon) [Orabug: 38324225]     {CVE-2025-38528}
    - comedi: Fix initialization of data for instructions that write to subdevice (Ian Abbott) [Orabug:
    38254270] {CVE-2025-38478}
    - comedi: Fix use of uninitialized data in insn_rw_emulate_bits() (Ian Abbott) [Orabug: 38254276]     {CVE-2025-38480}
    - comedi: Fail COMEDI_INSNLIST ioctl if n_insns is too large (Ian Abbott) [Orabug: 38254283]     {CVE-2025-38481}
    - comedi: das6402: Fix bit shift out of bounds (Ian Abbott) [Orabug: 38254291] {CVE-2025-38482}
    - comedi: das16m1: Fix bit shift out of bounds (Ian Abbott) [Orabug: 38254299] {CVE-2025-38483}
    - comedi: aio_iiro_16: Fix bit shift out of bounds (Ian Abbott) [Orabug: 38324229] {CVE-2025-38529}
    - comedi: pcl812: Fix bit shift out of bounds (Ian Abbott) [Orabug: 38324236] {CVE-2025-38530}
    - iio: common: st_sensors: Fix use of uninitialize device structs (Maud Spierings) [Orabug: 38324242]     {CVE-2025-38531}
    - iio: backend: fix out-of-bound write (Markus Burri) [Orabug: 38254383] {CVE-2025-38484}
    - iio: adc: axp20x_adc: Add missing sentinel to AXP717 ADC channel maps (Chen-Yu Tsai) [Orabug: 38324314]     {CVE-2025-38547}
    - iio: accel: fxls8962af: Fix use after free in fxls8962af_fifo_flush (Sean Nyekjaer) [Orabug: 38254306]     {CVE-2025-38485}
    - smb: client: fix use-after-free in crypt_message when using async crypto (Wang Zhaolong) [Orabug:
    38254322] {CVE-2025-38488}
    - s390/bpf: Fix bpf_arch_text_poke() with new_addr == NULL again (Ilya Leoshkevich) [Orabug: 38254325]     {CVE-2025-38489}
    - net: libwx: properly reset Rx ring descriptor (Jiawen Wu) [Orabug: 38324251] {CVE-2025-38532}
    - net: libwx: fix the using of Rx buffer DMA (Jiawen Wu) [Orabug: 38324253] {CVE-2025-38533}
    - net: libwx: remove duplicate page_pool_put_full_page() (Jiawen Wu) [Orabug: 38254327] {CVE-2025-38490}
    - dmaengine: nbpfaxi: Fix memory corruption in probe() (Dan Carpenter) [Orabug: 38324262] {CVE-2025-38538}
    - mptcp: plug races between subflow fail and subflow creation (Paolo Abeni) [Orabug: 38324332]     {CVE-2025-38552}
    - mptcp: make fallback action and fallback decision atomic (Paolo Abeni) [Orabug: 38254329]     {CVE-2025-38491}
    - tracing/osnoise: Fix crash in timerlat_dump_stack() (Tomas Glozar) [Orabug: 38254335] {CVE-2025-38493}
    - tracing: Add down_write(trace_event_sem) when adding trace event (Steven Rostedt) [Orabug: 38324268]     {CVE-2025-38539}
    - HID: core: do not bypass hid_hw_raw_request (Benjamin Tissoires) [Orabug: 38254338] {CVE-2025-38494}
    - HID: core: ensure the allocated report buffer can contain the reserved report ID (Benjamin Tissoires)     [Orabug: 38254346] {CVE-2025-38495}
    - dm-bufio: fix sched in atomic context (Sheng Yong) [Orabug: 38254353] {CVE-2025-38496}
    - usb: gadget: configfs: Fix OOB read on empty string write (Xinyu Liu) [Orabug: 38254356]     {CVE-2025-38497}
    - phy: tegra: xusb: Fix unbalanced regulator disable in UTMI PHY mode (Wayne Chang) [Orabug: 38324256]     {CVE-2025-38535}
    - rseq: Fix segfault on registration when rseq_cs is non-zero (Michael Jeanson) [Orabug: 38095070]     {CVE-2025-38067}
    - crypto: ecdsa - Harden against integer overflows in DIV_ROUND_UP() (Lukas Wunner) [Orabug: 37977089]     {CVE-2025-37984}
    - ksmbd: fix potential use-after-free in oplock/lease break ack (Namjae Jeon) [Orabug: 38254080]     {CVE-2025-38437}
    - kasan: remove kasan_find_vm_area() to prevent possible deadlock (Levi Yun) [Orabug: 38324146]     {CVE-2025-38510}
    - HID: nintendo: avoid bluetooth suspend/resume stalls (Daniel J. Ogorchock) [Orabug: 38324137]     {CVE-2025-38507}
    - HID: quirks: Add quirk for 2 Chicony Electronics HP 5MP Cameras (Chia-Lin Kao) [Orabug: 38324277]     {CVE-2025-38540}
    - btrfs: fix assertion when building free space tree (Filipe Manana) [Orabug: 38324119] {CVE-2025-38503}
    - ASoC: SOF: Intel: hda: Use devm_kstrdup() to avoid memleak. (Tamura Dai) [Orabug: 38254084]     {CVE-2025-38438}
    - bnxt_en: Set DMA unmap len correctly for XDP_REDIRECT (Somnath Kotur) [Orabug: 38254088]     {CVE-2025-38439}
    - net/mlx5e: Fix race between DIM disable and net_dim() (Carolina Jubran) [Orabug: 38254092]     {CVE-2025-38440}
    - net: appletalk: Fix device refcount leak in atrtr_create() (Kito Xu) [Orabug: 38324288] {CVE-2025-38542}
    - netfilter: flowtable: account for Ethernet header in nf_flow_pppoe_proto() (Eric Dumazet) [Orabug:
    38254094] {CVE-2025-38441}
    - drm/xe/pf: Clear all LMTT pages on alloc (Michal Wajdeczko) [Orabug: 38324148] {CVE-2025-38511}
    - nbd: fix uaf in nbd_genl_connect() error path (Zheng Qixing) [Orabug: 38254100] {CVE-2025-38443}
    - wifi: mt76: mt7925: Fix null-ptr-deref in mt7925_thermal_init() (Henry Martin) [Orabug: 38324286]     {CVE-2025-38541}
    - raid10: cleanup memleak at raid10_make_request (Nigel Croxon) [Orabug: 38254103] {CVE-2025-38444}
    - md/raid1: Fix stack memory use after return in raid1_reshape (Wang Jinchao) [Orabug: 38254107]     {CVE-2025-38445}
    - drm/tegra: nvdec: Fix dma_alloc_coherent error check (Mikko Perttunen) [Orabug: 38324294]     {CVE-2025-38543}
    - wifi: zd1211rw: Fix potential NULL pointer dereference in zd_mac_tx_to_dev() (Daniil Dulov) [Orabug:
    38324159] {CVE-2025-38513}
    - clk: imx: Fix an out-of-bounds access in dispmix_csr_clk_dev_data (Xiaolei Wang) [Orabug: 38254112]     {CVE-2025-38446}
    - lib/alloc_tag: do not acquire non-existent lock in alloc_tag_top_users() (Harry Yoo) [Orabug: 38324192]     {CVE-2025-38517}
    - usb: gadget: u_serial: Fix race condition in TTY wakeup (Kuen-Han Tsai) [Orabug: 38254116]     {CVE-2025-38448}
    - drm/sched: Increment job count before swapping tail spsc queue (Matthew Brost) [Orabug: 38324178]     {CVE-2025-38515}
    - drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers (Thomas Zimmermann) [Orabug: 38254122]     {CVE-2025-38449}
    - drm/amdkfd: Don't call mmput from MMU notifier callback (Philip Yang) [Orabug: 38324196]     {CVE-2025-38520}
    - drm/imagination: Fix kernel crash when hard resetting the GPU (Alessio Belle) [Orabug: 38324199]     {CVE-2025-38521}
    - wifi: mt76: mt7925: prevent NULL pointer dereference in mt7925_sta_set_decap_offload() (Deren Wu)     [Orabug: 38254130] {CVE-2025-38450}
    - wifi: mwifiex: discard erroneous disassoc frames on STA interface (Vitor Soares) [Orabug: 38324132]     {CVE-2025-38505}
    - wifi: prevent A-MSDU attacks in mesh networks (Mathy Vanhoef) [Orabug: 38324151] {CVE-2025-38512}
    - pinctrl: qcom: msm: mark certain pins as invalid for interrupts (Bartosz Golaszewski) [Orabug: 38324184]     {CVE-2025-38516}
    - net: ethernet: rtsn: Fix a null pointer dereference in rtsn_probe() (Haoxiang Li) [Orabug: 38254133]     {CVE-2025-38452}
    - ALSA: ad1816a: Fix potential NULL pointer deref in snd_card_ad1816a_pnp() (Thorsten Blum) [Orabug:
    38254137] {CVE-2025-38454}
    - KVM: Allow CPU to reschedule while setting per-page memory attributes (Liam Merwick) [Orabug: 38324134]     {CVE-2025-38506}
    - KVM: SVM: Reject SEV{-ES} intra host migration if vCPU creation is in-flight (Sean Christopherson)     [Orabug: 38254139] {CVE-2025-38455}
    - ipmi:msghandler: Fix potential memory corruption in ipmi_create_user() (Dan Carpenter) [Orabug:
    38254142] {CVE-2025-38456}
    - rxrpc: Fix oops due to non-existence of prealloc backlog struct (David Howells) [Orabug: 38324168]     {CVE-2025-38514}
    - rxrpc: Fix bug due to prealloc collision (David Howells) [Orabug: 38324296] {CVE-2025-38544}
    - net/sched: Abort __tc_modify_qdisc if parent class does not exist (Victor Nogueira) [Orabug: 38254145]     {CVE-2025-38457}
    - net: ethernet: ti: am65-cpsw-nuss: Fix skb size by accounting for skb_shared_info (Chintan Vankar)     [Orabug: 38324304] {CVE-2025-38545}
    - atm: clip: Fix NULL pointer dereference in vcc_sendmsg() (Yue Haibing) [Orabug: 38254151]     {CVE-2025-38458}
    - atm: clip: Fix infinite recursive call of clip_push(). (Kuniyuki Iwashima) [Orabug: 38254159]     {CVE-2025-38459}
    - atm: clip: Fix memory leak of struct clip_vcc. (Kuniyuki Iwashima) [Orabug: 38324307] {CVE-2025-38546}
    - atm: clip: Fix potential null-ptr-deref in to_atmarpd(). (Kuniyuki Iwashima) [Orabug: 38254165]     {CVE-2025-38460}
    - vsock: Fix transport_* TOCTOU (Michal Luczaj) [Orabug: 38254171] {CVE-2025-38461}
    - vsock: Fix transport_{g2h,h2g} TOCTOU (Michal Luczaj) [Orabug: 38254174] {CVE-2025-38462}
    - tcp: Correct signedness in skb remaining space calculation (Jiayuan Chen) [Orabug: 38254177]     {CVE-2025-38463}
    - tipc: Fix use-after-free in tipc_conn_close(). (Kuniyuki Iwashima) [Orabug: 38254179] {CVE-2025-38464}
    - netlink: Fix wraparounds of sk->sk_rmem_alloc. (Kuniyuki Iwashima) [Orabug: 38254186] {CVE-2025-38465}
    - perf: Revert to requiring CAP_SYS_ADMIN for uprobes (Peter Zijlstra) [Orabug: 38254195] {CVE-2025-38466}
    - drm/amdgpu: Replace Mutex with Spinlock for RLCG register access to avoid Priority Inversion in SRIOV     (Srinivasan Shanmugam) [Orabug: 37855415] {CVE-2025-38104}
    - drm/exynos: exynos7_drm_decon: add vblank check in IRQ handling (Kaustabh Chakraborty) [Orabug:
    38254201] {CVE-2025-38467}
    - eventpoll: don't decrement ep refcount while still holding the ep mutex (Linus Torvalds) [Orabug:
    38209551] {CVE-2025-38349}
    - x86/bugs: Add a Transient Scheduler Attacks mitigation (Borislav Petkov) [Orabug: 38023239,38129827]     {CVE-2024-36350,CVE-2024-36357}
    - x86/bugs: Rename MDS machinery to something more generic (Borislav Petkov) [Orabug: 38023239,38129827]     {CVE-2024-36350,CVE-2024-36357}
    - mm: userfaultfd: fix race of userfaultfd_move and swap cache (Kairui Song) [Orabug: 38175034]     {CVE-2025-38242}
    - mm/vmalloc: fix data race in show_numa_info() (Jeongjun Park) [Orabug: 38253860] {CVE-2025-38383}
    - usb: typec: displayport: Fix potential deadlock (Andrei Kuchynski) [Orabug: 38254393] {CVE-2025-38404}
    - riscv: cpu_ops_sbi: Use static array for boot_data (Vivian Wang) [Orabug: 38253953] {CVE-2025-38407}
    - optee: ffa: fix sleep in atomic context (Jens Wiklander) [Orabug: 38253830] {CVE-2025-38374}
    - i2c/designware: Fix an initialization issue (Michael J. Ruhl) [Orabug: 38253849] {CVE-2025-38380}
    - usb: chipidea: udc: disconnect/reconnect from host when do suspend/resume (Xu Yang) [Orabug: 38253838]     {CVE-2025-38376}
    - IB/mlx5: Fix potential deadlock in MR deregistration (Or Har-Toov) [Orabug: 38253826] {CVE-2025-38373}
    - fs: export anon_inode_make_secure_inode() and fix secretmem LSM bypass (Shivank Garg) [Orabug: 38253909]     {CVE-2025-38396}
    - mtd: spinand: fix memory leak of ECC engine conf (Pablo Martin-Gomez) [Orabug: 38253862]     {CVE-2025-38384}
    - ACPICA: Refuse to evaluate a method if arguments are missing (Rafael J. Wysocki) [Orabug: 38253873]     {CVE-2025-38386}
    - wifi: ath6kl: remove WARN on bad firmware input (Johannes Berg) [Orabug: 38253944] {CVE-2025-38406}
    - scsi: target: Fix NULL pointer dereference in core_scsi3_decode_spec_i_port() (Maurizio Lombardi)     [Orabug: 38253913] {CVE-2025-38399}
    - genirq/irq_sim: Initialize work context pointers properly (Gyeyoung Baek) [Orabug: 38253955]     {CVE-2025-38408}
    - drm/msm: Fix another leak in the submit error path (Rob Clark) [Orabug: 38253959] {CVE-2025-38409}
    - drm/msm: Fix a fence leak in submit error path (Rob Clark) [Orabug: 38253966] {CVE-2025-38410}
    - drm/amd/display: Add more checks for DSC / HUBP ONO guarantees (Nicholas Kazlauskas) [Orabug: 38253787]     {CVE-2025-38360}
    - drm/xe/guc: Explicitly exit CT safe mode on unwind (Michal Wajdeczko) [Orabug: 38253775]     {CVE-2025-38356}
    - netfs: Fix oops in write-retry from mis-resetting the subreq iterator (David Howells) [Orabug: 38153033]     {CVE-2025-38139}
    - bpf: Do not include stack ptr register in precision backtracking bookkeeping (Yonghong Song) [Orabug:
    38180467] {CVE-2025-38279}
    - scsi: lpfc: Avoid potential ndlp use-after-free in dev_loss_tmo_callbk (Justin Tee) [Orabug: 38180503]     {CVE-2025-38289}
    - net/sched: Always pass notifications when child class becomes empty (Lion Ackermann) [Orabug: 38217337]     {CVE-2025-38350}
    - rose: fix dangling neighbour pointers in rose_rt_device_down() (Kohei Enju) [Orabug: 38253840]     {CVE-2025-38377}
    - idpf: convert control queue mutex to a spinlock (Ahmed Zaki) [Orabug: 38253897] {CVE-2025-38392}
    - idpf: return 0 size for RSS key if not supported (Michal Swiatkowski) [Orabug: 38253932]     {CVE-2025-38402}
    - drm/i915/gt: Fix timeline left held on VMA alloc error (Janusz Krzysztofik) [Orabug: 38253885]     {CVE-2025-38389}
    - net: usb: lan78xx: fix WARN in __netif_napi_del_locked on disconnect (Oleksij Rempel) [Orabug: 38253870]     {CVE-2025-38385}
    - smb: client: fix warning when reconnecting channel (Paulo Alcantara) [Orabug: 38254386] {CVE-2025-38379}
    - platform/x86: dell-wmi-sysman: Fix WMI data block retrieval in sysfs callbacks (Kurt Borja) [Orabug:
    38253975] {CVE-2025-38412}
    - nvmet: fix memory leak of bio integrity (Dmitry Bogdanov) [Orabug: 38253942] {CVE-2025-38405}
    - btrfs: fix invalid inode pointer dereferences during log replay (Filipe Manana) [Orabug: 38288149]     {CVE-2025-38243}
    - btrfs: fix iteration of extrefs during log replay (Filipe Manana) [Orabug: 38253858] {CVE-2025-38382}
    - NFSv4/pNFS: Fix a race to wake on NFS_LAYOUT_DRAIN (Benjamin Coddington) [Orabug: 38253899]     {CVE-2025-38393}
    - nfs: Clean up /proc/net/rpc/nfs when nfs_fs_proc_net_init() fails. (Kuniyuki Iwashima) [Orabug:
    38253921] {CVE-2025-38400}
    - RDMA/mlx5: Initialize obj_event->obj_sub_list before xa_insert (Mark Zhang) [Orabug: 38253879]     {CVE-2025-38387}
    - RDMA/mlx5: Fix unsafe xarray access in implicit ODP handling (Or Har-Toov) [Orabug: 38253824]     {CVE-2025-38372}
    - firmware: arm_ffa: Replace mutex with rwlock to avoid sleep in atomic context (Sudeep Holla) [Orabug:
    38253883] {CVE-2025-38388}
    - firmware: arm_ffa: Fix memory leak by freeing notifier callback node (Sudeep Holla) [Orabug: 38253890]     {CVE-2025-38390}
    - drm/v3d: Disable interrupts before resetting the GPU (Maira Canal) [Orabug: 38253819] {CVE-2025-38371}
    - mtk-sd: Prevent memory corruption from DMA map failure (Masami Hiramatsu) [Orabug: 38253926]     {CVE-2025-38401}
    - usb: typec: altmodes/displayport: do not index invalid pin_assignments (Rd Babiera) [Orabug: 38253892]     {CVE-2025-38391}
    - Input: cs40l50-vibra - fix potential NULL dereference in cs40l50_upload_owt() (Yunshui) [Orabug:
    38253852] {CVE-2025-38381}
    - regulator: gpio: Fix the out-of-bounds access to drvdata::gpiods (Manivannan Sadhasivam) [Orabug:
    38253905] {CVE-2025-38395}
    - vsock/vmci: Clear the vmci transport packet properly when initializing it (Harshavardhana S A) [Orabug:
    38253935] {CVE-2025-38403}
    - virtio-net: ensure the received length does not exceed allocated size (Bui Quang Minh) [Orabug:
    38253832] {CVE-2025-38375}
    - virtio-net: xsk: rx: fix the frame's length check (Bui Quang Minh) [Orabug: 38253978] {CVE-2025-38413}

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Oracle Linux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

There are packages installed that are affected by a vulnerability referenced in the following CVE:

  - In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: do proper folio cleanup when
    cow_file_range() failed [BUG] When testing with COW fixup marked as BUG_ON() (this is involved with the
    new pin_user_pages*() change, which should not result new out-of-band dirty pages), I hit a crash
    triggered by the BUG_ON() from hitting COW fixup path. This BUG_ON() happens just after a failed
    btrfs_run_delalloc_range(): BTRFS error (device dm-2): failed to run delalloc range, root 348 ino 405
    folio 65536 submit_bitmap 6-15 start 90112 len 106496: -28 ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG
    at fs/btrfs/extent_io.c:1444! Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] SMP CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID:
    434621 Comm: kworker/u24:8 Tainted: G OE 6.12.0-rc7-custom+ #86 Hardware name: QEMU KVM Virtual Machine,
    BIOS unknown 2/2/2022 Workqueue: events_unbound btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space [btrfs] pc :
    extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] lr : extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] Call trace:
    extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] extent_writepage+0x218/0x330 [btrfs]
    extent_write_cache_pages+0x1d4/0x4b0 [btrfs] btrfs_writepages+0x94/0x150 [btrfs] do_writepages+0x74/0x190
    filemap_fdatawrite_wbc+0x88/0xc8 start_delalloc_inodes+0x180/0x3b0 [btrfs]
    btrfs_start_delalloc_roots+0x174/0x280 [btrfs] shrink_delalloc+0x114/0x280 [btrfs] flush_space+0x250/0x2f8
    [btrfs] btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space+0x180/0x228 [btrfs] process_one_work+0x164/0x408
    worker_thread+0x25c/0x388 kthread+0x100/0x118 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 Code: aa1403e1 9402f3ef aa1403e0
    9402f36f (d4210000) ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [CAUSE] That failure is mostly from
    cow_file_range(), where we can hit -ENOSPC. Although the -ENOSPC is already a bug related to our space
    reservation code, let's just focus on the error handling. For example, we have the following dirty range
    [0, 64K) of an inode, with 4K sector size and 4K page size: 0 16K 32K 48K 64K
    |///////////////////////////////////////| |#######################################| Where |///| means page
    are still dirty, and |###| means the extent io tree has EXTENT_DELALLOC flag. - Enter extent_writepage()
    for page 0 - Enter btrfs_run_delalloc_range() for range [0, 64K) - Enter cow_file_range() for range [0,
    64K) - Function btrfs_reserve_extent() only reserved one 16K extent So we created extent map and ordered
    extent for range [0, 16K) 0 16K 32K 48K 64K |////////|//////////////////////////////| |<- OE
    ->|##############################| And range [0, 16K) has its delalloc flag cleared. But since we haven't
    yet submit any bio, involved 4 pages are still dirty. - Function btrfs_reserve_extent() returns with
    -ENOSPC Now we have to run error cleanup, which will clear all EXTENT_DELALLOC* flags and clear the dirty
    flags for the remaining ranges: 0 16K 32K 48K 64K |////////| | | | | Note that range [0, 16K) still has
    its pages dirty. - Some time later, writeback is triggered again for the range [0, 16K) since the page
    range still has dirty flags. - btrfs_run_delalloc_range() will do nothing because there is no
    EXTENT_DELALLOC flag. - extent_writepage_io() finds page 0 has no ordered flag Which falls into the COW
    fixup path, triggering the BUG_ON(). Unfortunately this error handling bug dates back to the introduction
    of btrfs. Thankfully with the abuse of COW fixup, at least it won't crash the kernel. [FIX] Instead of
    immediately unlocking the extent and folios, we keep the extent and folios locked until either erroring
    out or the whole delalloc range finished. When the whole delalloc range finished without error, we just
    unlock the whole range with PAGE_SET_ORDERED (and PAGE_UNLOCK for !keep_locked cases) ---truncated---
    (CVE-2024-57976)

It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ALAS2023-2025-994 advisory.

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    btrfs: do proper folio cleanup when cow_file_range() failed (CVE-2024-57976)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    kernel: be more careful about dup_mmap() failures and uprobe registering (CVE-2025-21709)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    block: fix queue freeze vs limits lock order in sysfs store methods (CVE-2025-21807)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    block: mark GFP_NOIO around sysfs ->store() (CVE-2025-21817)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    iommu/vt-d: Avoid use of NULL after WARN_ON_ONCE (CVE-2025-21833)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net: better track kernel sockets lifetime (CVE-2025-21884)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    bnxt_en: Mask the bd_cnt field in the TX BD properly (CVE-2025-22108)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    ext4: goto right label 'out_mmap_sem' in ext4_setattr() (CVE-2025-22120)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net_sched: hfsc: Fix a UAF vulnerability in class handling (CVE-2025-37797)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    vmxnet3: Fix malformed packet sizing in vmxnet3_process_xdp (CVE-2025-37799)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    driver core: fix potential NULL pointer dereference in dev_uevent() (CVE-2025-37800)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    fs/ntfs3: Keep write operations atomic (CVE-2025-37806)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    bpf: Fix kmemleak warning for percpu hashmap (CVE-2025-37807)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    crypto: null - Use spin lock instead of mutex (CVE-2025-37808)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    usb: typec: class: Fix NULL pointer access (CVE-2025-37809)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    usb: xhci: Fix invalid pointer dereference in Etron workaround (CVE-2025-37813)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    tty: Require CAP_SYS_ADMIN for all usages of TIOCL_SELMOUSEREPORT (CVE-2025-37814)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    irqchip/gic-v2m: Prevent use after free of gicv2m_get_fwnode() (CVE-2025-37819)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    xen-netfront: handle NULL returned by xdp_convert_buff_to_frame() (CVE-2025-37820)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    sched/eevdf: Fix se->slice being set to U64_MAX and resulting crash (CVE-2025-37821)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net_sched: hfsc: Fix a potential UAF in hfsc_dequeue() too (CVE-2025-37823)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    btrfs: zoned: return EIO on RAID1 block group write pointer mismatch (CVE-2025-37827)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    mm/vmscan: don't try to reclaim hwpoison folio (CVE-2025-37834)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    netfs: Only create /proc/fs/netfs with CONFIG_PROC_FS (CVE-2025-37876)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    iommu: Clear iommu-dma ops on cleanup (CVE-2025-37877)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    perf/core: Fix WARN_ON(!ctx) in __free_event() for partial init (CVE-2025-37878)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    usb: xhci: Fix isochronous Ring Underrun/Overrun event handling (CVE-2025-37882)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    bpf: Fix deadlock between rcu_tasks_trace and event_mutex. (CVE-2025-37884)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    KVM: x86: Reset IRTE to host control if *new* route isn't postable (CVE-2025-37885)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net/mlx5: Fix null-ptr-deref in mlx5_create_{inner_,}ttc_table() (CVE-2025-37888)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net_sched: hfsc: Fix a UAF vulnerability in class with netem as child qdisc (CVE-2025-37890)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net: use sock_gen_put() when sk_state is TCP_TIME_WAIT (CVE-2025-37894)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    iommu: Fix two issues in iommu_copy_struct_from_user() (CVE-2025-37900)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    mm, slab: clean up slab->obj_exts always (CVE-2025-37908)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net_sched: qfq: Fix double list add in class with netem as child qdisc (CVE-2025-37913)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net_sched: ets: Fix double list add in class with netem as child qdisc (CVE-2025-37914)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net_sched: drr: Fix double list add in class with netem as child qdisc (CVE-2025-37915)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    xsk: Fix race condition in AF_XDP generic RX path (CVE-2025-37920)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    vxlan: vnifilter: Fix unlocked deletion of default FDB entry (CVE-2025-37921)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    tracing: Fix oob write in trace_seq_to_buffer() (CVE-2025-37923)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    iommu/amd: Fix potential buffer overflow in parse_ivrs_acpihid (CVE-2025-37927)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    dm-bufio: don't schedule in atomic context (CVE-2025-37928)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    arm64: errata: Add missing sentinels to Spectre-BHB MIDR arrays (CVE-2025-37929)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    btrfs: adjust subpage bit start based on sectorsize (CVE-2025-37931)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    sch_htb: make htb_qlen_notify() idempotent (CVE-2025-37932)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    perf/x86/intel: KVM: Mask PEBS_ENABLE loaded for guest with vCPU's value. (CVE-2025-37936)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    tracing: Verify event formats that have %*p.. (CVE-2025-37938)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    arm64: bpf: Add BHB mitigation to the epilogue for cBPF programs (CVE-2025-37948)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    xenbus: Use kref to track req lifetime (CVE-2025-37949)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    smb: client: Avoid race in open_cached_dir with lease breaks (CVE-2025-37954)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    virtio-net: free xsk_buffs on error in virtnet_xsk_pool_enable() (CVE-2025-37955)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    KVM: SVM: Forcibly leave SMM mode on SHUTDOWN interception (CVE-2025-37957)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    mm/huge_memory: fix dereferencing invalid pmd migration entry (CVE-2025-37958)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    bpf: Scrub packet on bpf_redirect_peer (CVE-2025-37959)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    memblock: Accept allocated memory before use in memblock_double_array() (CVE-2025-37960)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    ipvs: fix uninit-value for saddr in do_output_route4 (CVE-2025-37961)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    arm64: bpf: Only mitigate cBPF programs loaded by unprivileged users (CVE-2025-37963)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    x86/mm: Eliminate window where TLB flushes may be inadvertently skipped (CVE-2025-37964)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    usb: typec: class: Invalidate USB device pointers on partner unregistration (CVE-2025-37986)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    fix a couple of races in MNT_TREE_BENEATH handling by do_move_mount() (CVE-2025-37988)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net: phy: leds: fix memory leak (CVE-2025-37989)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    module: ensure that kobject_put() is safe for module type kobjects (CVE-2025-37995)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    netfilter: ipset: fix region locking in hash types (CVE-2025-37997)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    openvswitch: Fix unsafe attribute parsing in output_userspace() (CVE-2025-37998)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    fs/erofs/fileio: call erofs_onlinefolio_split() after bio_add_folio() (CVE-2025-37999)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    sch_hfsc: make hfsc_qlen_notify() idempotent (CVE-2025-38177)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the tested product security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the ALAS2023-2025-984 advisory.

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    btrfs: do proper folio cleanup when cow_file_range() failed (CVE-2024-57976)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    kernel: be more careful about dup_mmap() failures and uprobe registering (CVE-2025-21709)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    block: fix queue freeze vs limits lock order in sysfs store methods (CVE-2025-21807)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    block: mark GFP_NOIO around sysfs ->store() (CVE-2025-21817)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    iommu/vt-d: Avoid use of NULL after WARN_ON_ONCE (CVE-2025-21833)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    net: better track kernel sockets lifetime (CVE-2025-21884)

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

    bnxt_en: Mask the bd_cnt field in the TX BD properly (CVE-2025-22108)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the tested product security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The Linux/Unix host has one or more packages installed that are impacted by a vulnerability without a vendor supplied patch available.

  - btrfs: do proper folio cleanup when cow_file_range() failed [BUG] When testing with COW fixup marked as     BUG_ON() (this is involved with the new pin_user_pages*() change, which should not result new out-of-band     dirty pages), I hit a crash triggered by the BUG_ON() from hitting COW fixup path. This BUG_ON() happens     just after a failed btrfs_run_delalloc_range(): BTRFS error (device dm-2): failed to run delalloc range,     root 348 ino 405 folio 65536 submit_bitmap 6-15 start 90112 len 106496: -28 ------------[ cut here     ]------------ kernel BUG at fs/btrfs/extent_io.c:1444! Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1]     SMP CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 434621 Comm: kworker/u24:8 Tainted: G OE 6.12.0-rc7-custom+ #86 Hardware name: QEMU     KVM Virtual Machine, BIOS unknown 2/2/2022 Workqueue: events_unbound btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space     [btrfs] pc : extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] lr : extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] Call     trace: extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] extent_writepage+0x218/0x330 [btrfs]     extent_write_cache_pages+0x1d4/0x4b0 [btrfs] btrfs_writepages+0x94/0x150 [btrfs] do_writepages+0x74/0x190     filemap_fdatawrite_wbc+0x88/0xc8 start_delalloc_inodes+0x180/0x3b0 [btrfs]     btrfs_start_delalloc_roots+0x174/0x280 [btrfs] shrink_delalloc+0x114/0x280 [btrfs] flush_space+0x250/0x2f8     [btrfs] btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space+0x180/0x228 [btrfs] process_one_work+0x164/0x408     worker_thread+0x25c/0x388 kthread+0x100/0x118 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 Code: aa1403e1 9402f3ef aa1403e0     9402f36f (d4210000) ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [CAUSE] That failure is mostly from     cow_file_range(), where we can hit -ENOSPC. Although the -ENOSPC is already a bug related to our space     reservation code, let's just focus on the error handling. For example, we have the following dirty range     [0, 64K) of an inode, with 4K sector size and 4K page size: 0 16K 32K 48K 64K     |///////////////////////////////////////| |#######################################| Where |///| means page     are still dirty, and |###| means the extent io tree has EXTENT_DELALLOC flag. - Enter extent_writepage()     for page 0 - Enter btrfs_run_delalloc_range() for range [0, 64K) - Enter cow_file_range() for range [0,     64K) - Function btrfs_reserve_extent() only reserved one 16K extent So we created extent map and ordered     extent for range [0, 16K) 0 16K 32K 48K 64K |////////|//////////////////////////////| |<- OE
    ->|##############################| And range [0, 16K) has its delalloc flag cleared. But since we haven't     yet submit any bio, involved 4 pages are still dirty. - Function btrfs_reserve_extent() returns with
    -ENOSPC Now we have to run error cleanup, which will clear all EXTENT_DELALLOC* flags and clear the dirty     flags for the remaining ranges: 0 16K 32K 48K 64K |////////| | | | | Note that range [0, 16K) still has     its pages dirty. - Some time later, writeback is triggered again for the range [0, 16K) since the page     range still has dirty flags. - btrfs_run_delalloc_range() will do nothing because there is no     EXTENT_DELALLOC flag. - extent_writepage_io() finds page 0 has no ordered flag Which falls into the COW     fixup path, triggering the BUG_ON(). Unfortunately this error handling bug dates back to the introduction     of btrfs. Thankfully with the abuse of COW fixup, at least it won't crash the kernel. [FIX] Instead of     immediately unlocking the extent and folios, we keep the extent and folios locked until either erroring     out or the whole delalloc range finished. When the whole delalloc range finished without error, we just     unlock the whole range with PAGE_SET_ORDERED (and PAGE_UNLOCK for !keep_locked cases) ---truncated---     (CVE-2024-57976)

Note that Nessus relies on the presence of the package as reported by the vendor.

ID	Name	Product	Family	Severity
261833	Oracle Linux 10 / 9 : Unbreakable Enterprise kernel (ELSA-2025-20551)	Nessus	Oracle Linux Local Security Checks	high
428257	Bottlerocket: bottlerocket-kernel-6.12, kernel-6.12: security update to 6.12.29	Tenable Cloud Security	Bottlerocket Local Security Checks	medium
428257	Bottlerocket: bottlerocket-kernel-6.12, kernel-6.12: security update to 6.12.29	Tenable Self-Hosted Container Security	Bottlerocket Local Security Checks	medium
238280	Amazon Linux 2023 : bpftool, kernel6.12, kernel6.12-modules-extra (ALAS2023-2025-994)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	high
237679	Amazon Linux 2023 : bpftool, kernel6.12, kernel6.12-modules-extra (ALAS2023-2025-984)	Nessus	Amazon Linux Local Security Checks	medium
230350	Linux Distros Unpatched Vulnerability : CVE-2024-57976	Nessus	Misc.	medium

Detections

Analytics

CVE-2024-57976

medium

Tenable Plugins

high

medium

medium

high

medium

medium