In onPrimaryClipChanged of ClipboardListener.java, there is a possible way to partially bypass lock screen. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2024-12-01
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/70eb75df7d342429c3ee225feb7c011df727442f