The issue was addressed with improved handling of caches. This issue is fixed in iOS 17.4 and iPadOS 17.4, visionOS 1.1. An app may be able to fingerprint the user.
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214087
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214081
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214087
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214081
https://support.apple.com/en-us/120893