The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.6.3, macOS Sonoma 14.2, macOS Monterey 12.7.2. A process may gain admin privileges without proper authentication.
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214038
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214037
https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214036
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214038