The Struts 1 plugin in Apache Struts 2.1.x and 2.3.x might allow remote code execution via a malicious field value passed in a raw message to the ActionMessage.
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44643/
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/42324/
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20180706-0002/
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/alert-cve-2017-9805-3889403.html
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-29rm-6752-gvwv
https://github.com/xfer0/CVE-2017-9791
https://github.com/dragoneeg/Struts2-048
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2017-9791
https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2022-1954
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038838