vim before patch 8.0.0056 does not properly validate values for the 'filetype', 'syntax' and 'keymap' options, which may result in the execution of arbitrary code if a file with a specially crafted modeline is opened.
http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/11/22/20
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-2972.html
http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3722
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94478
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037338
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3139-1
https://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-vim/vim.git/tree/debian/changelog
https://github.com/neovim/neovim/commit/4fad66fbe637818b6b3d6bc5d21923ba72795040
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/d0b5138ba4bccff8a744c99836041ef6322ed39a
https://github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v8.0.0056
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2016/11/msg00025.html
https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2016/msg00305.html
Source: MITRE
Published: 2016-11-23
Updated: 2017-07-28
Type: CWE-20
Base Score: 6.8
Vector: AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
Impact Score: 6.4
Exploitability Score: 8.6
Severity: MEDIUM
Base Score: 7.8
Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Impact Score: 5.9
Exploitability Score: 1.8
Severity: HIGH