Apache Struts 2 before 2.2.3.1 evaluates a string as an OGNL expression during the handling of a conversion error, which allows remote attackers to modify run-time data values, and consequently execute arbitrary code, via invalid input to a field.
http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2012-000012
http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN79099262/index.html
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/WW-3668
http://struts.apache.org/2.3.1.2/docs/s2-007.html
Source: Mitre, NVD
Published: 2012-03-02
Updated: 2026-06-16
Base Score: 10
Vector: CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
Severity: Critical
Base Score: 9.8
Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS: 0.13997