The remote Debian 10 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the dla-3398 advisory.

    -------------------------------------------------------------------------     Debian LTS Advisory DLA-3398-1                debian-lts@lists.debian.org     https://www.debian.org/lts/security/                      Markus Koschany     April 21, 2023                                https://wiki.debian.org/LTS
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Package        : curl     Version        : 7.64.0-4+deb10u6     CVE ID         : CVE-2023-27533 CVE-2023-27535 CVE-2023-27536 CVE-2023-27538

    Several security vulnerabilities have been found in cURL, an easy-to-use     client-side URL transfer library.

    CVE-2023-27533

        A vulnerability in input validation exists in curl during         communication using the TELNET protocol may allow an attacker to pass on         maliciously crafted user name and telnet options during server         negotiation. The lack of proper input scrubbing allows an attacker to send         content or perform option negotiation without the application's intent.
        This vulnerability could be exploited if an application allows user input,         thereby enabling attackers to execute arbitrary code on the system.

    CVE-2023-27535

        An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in libcurl in the FTP         connection reuse feature that can result in wrong credentials being used         during subsequent transfers. Previously created connections are kept in a         connection pool for reuse if they match the current setup. However, certain         FTP settings such as CURLOPT_FTP_ACCOUNT, CURLOPT_FTP_ALTERNATIVE_TO_USER,         CURLOPT_FTP_SSL_CCC, and CURLOPT_USE_SSL were not included in the         configuration match checks, causing them to match too easily. This could         lead to libcurl using the wrong credentials when performing a transfer,         potentially allowing unauthorized access to sensitive information.

    CVE-2023-27536

        An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in libcurl in the         connection reuse feature which can reuse previously established connections         with incorrect user permissions due to a failure to check for changes in         the CURLOPT_GSSAPI_DELEGATION option. This vulnerability affects         krb5/kerberos/negotiate/GSSAPI transfers and could potentially result in         unauthorized access to sensitive information. The safest option is to not         reuse connections if the CURLOPT_GSSAPI_DELEGATION option has been changed.

    CVE-2023-27538

        An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in libcurl where it         reuses a previously established SSH connection despite the fact that an SSH         option was modified, which should have prevented reuse. libcurl maintains a         pool of previously used connections to reuse them for subsequent transfers         if the configurations match. However, two SSH settings were omitted from         the configuration check, allowing them to match easily, potentially leading         to the reuse of an inappropriate connection.

    For Debian 10 buster, these problems have been fixed in version     7.64.0-4+deb10u6.

    We recommend that you upgrade your curl packages.

    For the detailed security status of curl please refer to     its security tracker page at:
    https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/curl

    Further information about Debian LTS security advisories, how to apply     these updates to your system and frequently asked questions can be     found at: https://wiki.debian.org/LTS     Attachment:
    signature.asc     Description: This is a digitally signed message part

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Debian security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The remote CentOS Linux 9 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the curl-7.76.1-26.el9 build changelog.

  - A vulnerability in input validation exists in curl <8.0 during communication using the TELNET protocol may     allow an attacker to pass on maliciously crafted user name and telnet options during server negotiation.
    The lack of proper input scrubbing allows an attacker to send content or perform option negotiation     without the application's intent. This vulnerability could be exploited if an application allows user     input, thereby enabling attackers to execute arbitrary code on the system. (CVE-2023-27533)

  - A path traversal vulnerability exists in curl <8.0.0 SFTP implementation causes the tilde (~) character to     be wrongly replaced when used as a prefix in the first path element, in addition to its intended use as     the first element to indicate a path relative to the user's home directory. Attackers can exploit this     flaw to bypass filtering or execute arbitrary code by crafting a path like /~2/foo while accessing a     server with a specific user. (CVE-2023-27534)

  - An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in libcurl <8.0.0 in the FTP connection reuse feature that     can result in wrong credentials being used during subsequent transfers. Previously created connections are     kept in a connection pool for reuse if they match the current setup. However, certain FTP settings such as     CURLOPT_FTP_ACCOUNT, CURLOPT_FTP_ALTERNATIVE_TO_USER, CURLOPT_FTP_SSL_CCC, and CURLOPT_USE_SSL were not     included in the configuration match checks, causing them to match too easily. This could lead to libcurl     using the wrong credentials when performing a transfer, potentially allowing unauthorized access to     sensitive information. (CVE-2023-27535)

  - An authentication bypass vulnerability exists libcurl <8.0.0 in the connection reuse feature which can     reuse previously established connections with incorrect user permissions due to a failure to check for     changes in the CURLOPT_GSSAPI_DELEGATION option. This vulnerability affects krb5/kerberos/negotiate/GSSAPI     transfers and could potentially result in unauthorized access to sensitive information. The safest option     is to not reuse connections if the CURLOPT_GSSAPI_DELEGATION option has been changed. (CVE-2023-27536)

  - An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in libcurl prior to v8.0.0 where it reuses a previously     established SSH connection despite the fact that an SSH option was modified, which should have prevented     reuse. libcurl maintains a pool of previously used connections to reuse them for subsequent transfers if     the configurations match. However, two SSH settings were omitted from the configuration check, allowing     them to match easily, potentially leading to the reuse of an inappropriate connection. (CVE-2023-27538)

  - An improper certificate validation vulnerability exists in curl <v8.1.0 in the way it supports matching of     wildcard patterns when listed as Subject Alternative Name in TLS server certificates. curl can be built     to use its own name matching function for TLS rather than one provided by a TLS library. This private     wildcard matching function would match IDN (International Domain Name) hosts incorrectly and could as a     result accept patterns that otherwise should mismatch. IDN hostnames are converted to puny code before     used for certificate checks. Puny coded names always start with `xn--` and should not be allowed to     pattern match, but the wildcard check in curl could still check for `x*`, which would match even though     the IDN name most likely contained nothing even resembling an `x`. (CVE-2023-28321)

  - An information disclosure vulnerability exists in curl <v8.1.0 when doing HTTP(S) transfers, libcurl might     erroneously use the read callback (`CURLOPT_READFUNCTION`) to ask for data to send, even when the     `CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS` option has been set, if the same handle previously wasused to issue a `PUT` request     which used that callback. This flaw may surprise the application and cause it to misbehave and either send     off the wrong data or use memory after free or similar in the second transfer. The problem exists in the     logic for a reused handle when it is (expected to be) changed from a PUT to a POST. (CVE-2023-28322)

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The Linux/Unix host has one or more packages installed that are impacted by a vulnerability without a vendor supplied patch available.

  - An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in libcurl prior to v8.0.0 where it reuses a previously     established SSH connection despite the fact that an SSH option was modified, which should have prevented     reuse. libcurl maintains a pool of previously used connections to reuse them for subsequent transfers if     the configurations match. However, two SSH settings were omitted from the configuration check, allowing     them to match easily, potentially leading to the reuse of an inappropriate connection. (CVE-2023-27538)

Note that Nessus relies on the presence of the package as reported by the vendor.

The remote MiracleLinux 9 host has packages installed that are affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the AXSA:2023-6965:14 advisory.

    * curl: a heap-based buffer overflow in the SOCKS5 proxy handshake (CVE-2023-38545)
      * curl: cookie injection with none file (CVE-2023-38546)

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the MiracleLinux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of Tencent Linux installed on the remote TencentOS Server 4 host is prior to tested version. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the TSSA-2024:0356 advisory.

    Package updates are available for TencentOS Server 4 that fix the following vulnerabilities:

    CVE-2023-28322:
    An information disclosure vulnerability exists in curl <v8.1.0 when doing HTTP(S) transfers, libcurl might     erroneously use the read callback (`CURLOPT_READFUNCTION`) to ask for data to send, even when the     `CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS` option has been set, if the same handle previously wasused to issue a `PUT` request     which used that callback. This flaw may surprise the application and cause it to misbehave and either send     off the wrong data or use memory after free or similar in the second transfer. The problem exists in the     logic for a reused handle when it is (expected to be) changed from a PUT to a POST.

    CVE-2023-28321:
    An improper certificate validation vulnerability exists in curl <v8.1.0 in the way it supports matching of     wildcard patterns when listed as Subject Alternative Name in TLS server certificates. curl can be built     to use its own name matching function for TLS rather than one provided by a TLS library. This private     wildcard matching function would match IDN (International Domain Name) hosts incorrectly and could as a     result accept patterns that otherwise should mismatch. IDN hostnames are converted to puny code before     used for certificate checks. Puny coded names always start with `xn--` and should not be allowed to     pattern match, but the wildcard check in curl could still check for `x*`, which would match even though     the IDN name most likely contained nothing even resembling an `x`.


    CVE-2023-28320:
    A denial of service vulnerability exists in curl <v8.1.0 in the way libcurl provides several different     backends for resolving host names, selected at build time. If it is built to use the synchronous resolver,     it allows name resolves to time-out slow operations using `alarm()` and `siglongjmp()`. When doing this,     libcurl used a global buffer that was not mutex protected and a multi-threaded application might therefore     crash or otherwise misbehave.

    CVE-2023-28319:
    A use after free vulnerability exists in curl <v8.1.0 in the way libcurl offers a feature to verify an SSH     server's public key using a SHA 256 hash. When this check fails, libcurl would free the memory for the     fingerprint before it returns an error message containing the (now freed) hash. This flaw risks inserting     sensitive heap-based data into the error message that might be shown to users or otherwise get leaked and     revealed.

    CVE-2023-27538:
    An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in libcurl prior to v8.0.0 where it reuses a previously     established SSH connection despite the fact that an SSH option was modified, which should have prevented     reuse. libcurl maintains a pool of previously used connections to reuse them for subsequent transfers if     the configurations match. However, two SSH settings were omitted from the configuration check, allowing     them to match easily, potentially leading to the reuse of an inappropriate connection.

    CVE-2023-27536:
    An authentication bypass vulnerability exists libcurl <8.0.0 in the connection reuse feature which can     reuse previously established connections with incorrect user permissions due to a failure to check for     changes in the CURLOPT_GSSAPI_DELEGATION option. This vulnerability affects krb5/kerberos/negotiate/GSSAPI     transfers and could potentially result in unauthorized access to sensitive information. The safest option     is to not reuse connections if the CURLOPT_GSSAPI_DELEGATION option has been changed.

    CVE-2023-27535:
    An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in libcurl <8.0.0 in the FTP connection reuse feature that     can result in wrong credentials being used during subsequent transfers. Previously created connections are     kept in a connection pool for reuse if they match the current setup. However, certain FTP settings such as     CURLOPT_FTP_ACCOUNT, CURLOPT_FTP_ALTERNATIVE_TO_USER, CURLOPT_FTP_SSL_CCC, and CURLOPT_USE_SSL were not     included in the configuration match checks, causing them to match too easily. This could lead to libcurl     using the wrong credentials when performing a transfer, potentially allowing unauthorized access to     sensitive information.

    CVE-2023-27534:
    A path traversal vulnerability exists in curl <8.0.0 SFTP implementation causes the tilde (~) character to     be wrongly replaced when used as a prefix in the first path element, in addition to its intended use as     the first element to indicate a path relative to the user's home directory. Attackers can exploit this     flaw to bypass filtering or execute arbitrary code by crafting a path like /~2/foo while accessing a     server with a specific user.


    CVE-2023-27533:
    A vulnerability in input validation exists in curl <8.0 during communication using the TELNET protocol may     allow an attacker to pass on maliciously crafted user name and telnet options during server negotiation.
    The lack of proper input scrubbing allows an attacker to send content or perform option negotiation     without the application's intent. This vulnerability could be exploited if an application allows user     input, thereby enabling attackers to execute arbitrary code on the system.


    CVE-2023-23916:
    An allocation of resources without limits or throttling vulnerability exists in curl <v7.88.0 based on the     chained HTTP compression algorithms, meaning that a server response can be compressed multiple times and     potentially with differentalgorithms. The number of acceptable links in this decompression chain     wascapped, but the cap was implemented on a per-header basis allowing a maliciousserver to insert a     virtually unlimited number of compression steps simply byusing many headers. The use of such a     decompression chain could result in a malloc bomb, making curl end up spending enormous amounts of     allocated heap memory, or trying to and returning out of memory errors.


    CVE-2023-23915:
    A cleartext transmission of sensitive information vulnerability exists in curl <v7.88.0 that could cause     HSTS functionality to behave incorrectly when multiple URLs are requested in parallel. Using its HSTS     support, curl can be instructed to use HTTPS instead of using an insecure clear-text HTTP step even when     HTTP is provided in the URL. This HSTS mechanism would however surprisingly fail when multiple transfers     are done in parallel as the HSTS cache file gets overwritten by the most recentlycompleted transfer. A     later HTTP-only transfer to the earlier host name would then *not* get upgraded properly to HSTS.


    CVE-2023-23914:
    A cleartext transmission of sensitive information vulnerability exists in curl <v7.88.0 that could cause     HSTS functionality fail when multiple URLs are requested serially. Using its HSTS support, curl can be     instructed to use HTTPS instead of usingan insecure clear-text HTTP step even when HTTP is provided in the     URL. ThisHSTS mechanism would however surprisingly be ignored by subsequent transferswhen done on the same     command line because the state would not be properlycarried on.

    CVE-2022-43552:
    A use after free vulnerability exists in curl <7.87.0. Curl can be asked to *tunnel* virtually all     protocols it supports through an HTTP proxy. HTTP proxies can (and often do) deny such tunnel operations.
    When getting denied to tunnel the specific protocols SMB or TELNET, curl would use a heap-allocated struct     after it had been freed, in its transfer shutdown code path.


    CVE-2022-43551:
    A vulnerability exists in curl <7.87.0 HSTS check that could be bypassed to trick it to keep using HTTP.
    Using its HSTS support, curl can be instructed to use HTTPS instead of using an insecure clear-text HTTP     step even when HTTP is provided in the URL. However, the HSTS mechanism could be bypassed if the host name     in the given URL first uses IDN characters that get replaced to ASCII counterparts as part of the IDN     conversion. Like using the character UTF-8 U+3002 (IDEOGRAPHIC FULL STOP) instead of the common ASCII full     stop (U+002E) `.`. Then in a subsequent request, it does not detect the HSTS state and makes a clear text     transfer. Because it would store the info IDN encoded but look for it IDN decoded.


    CVE-2022-42916:
    In curl before 7.86.0, the HSTS check could be bypassed to trick it into staying with HTTP. Using its HSTS     support, curl can be instructed to use HTTPS directly (instead of using an insecure cleartext HTTP step)     even when HTTP is provided in the URL. This mechanism could be bypassed if the host name in the given URL     uses IDN characters that get replaced with ASCII counterparts as part of the IDN conversion, e.g., using     the character UTF-8 U+3002 (IDEOGRAPHIC FULL STOP) instead of the common ASCII full stop of U+002E (.).
    The earliest affected version is 7.77.0 2021-05-26.


    CVE-2022-42915:
    curl before 7.86.0 has a double free. If curl is told to use an HTTP proxy for a transfer with a non-     HTTP(S) URL, it sets up the connection to the remote server by issuing a CONNECT request to the proxy, and     then tunnels the rest of the protocol through. An HTTP proxy might refuse this request (HTTP proxies often     only allow outgoing connections to specific port numbers, like 443 for HTTPS) and instead return a non-200     status code to the client. Due to flaws in the error/cleanup handling, this could trigger a double free in     curl if one of the following schemes were used in the URL for the transfer: dict, gopher, gophers, ldap,     ldaps, rtmp, rtmps, or telnet. The earliest affected version is 7.77.0.


    CVE-2022-35252:
    When curl is used to retrieve and parse cookies from a HTTP(S) server, itaccepts cookies using control     codes that when later are sent back to a HTTPserver might make the server return 400 responses.
    Effectively allowing asister site to deny service to all siblings.

    CVE-2022-32221:
    When doing HTTP(S) transfers, libcurl might erroneously use the read callback (`CURLOPT_READFUNCTION`) to     ask for data to send, even when the `CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS` option has been set, if the same handle     previously was used to issue a `PUT` request which used that callback. This flaw may surprise the     application and cause it to misbehave and either send off the wrong data or use memory after free or     similar in the subsequent `POST` request. The problem exists in the logic for a reused handle when it is     changed from a PUT to a POST.

    CVE-2022-32208:
    When curl < 7.84.0 does FTP transfers secured by krb5, it handles message verification failures wrongly.
    This flaw makes it possible for a Man-In-The-Middle attack to go unnoticed and even allows it to inject     data to the client.

    CVE-2022-32207:
    When curl < 7.84.0 saves cookies, alt-svc and hsts data to local files, it makes the operation atomic by     finalizing the operation with a rename from a temporary name to the final target file name.In that rename     operation, it might accidentally *widen* the permissions for the target file, leaving the updated file     accessible to more users than intended.

    CVE-2022-32206:
    curl < 7.84.0 supports chained HTTP compression algorithms, meaning that a serverresponse can be     compressed multiple times and potentially with different algorithms. The number of acceptable links in     this decompression chain was unbounded, allowing a malicious server to insert a virtually unlimited     number of compression steps.The use of such a decompression chain could result in a malloc bomb,     makingcurl end up spending enormous amounts of allocated heap memory, or trying toand returning out of     memory errors.

    CVE-2022-32205:
    A malicious server can serve excessive amounts of `Set-Cookie:` headers in a HTTP response to curl and     curl < 7.84.0 stores all of them. A sufficiently large amount of (big) cookies make subsequent HTTP     requests to this, or other servers to which the cookies match, create requests that become larger than the     threshold that curl uses internally to avoid sending crazy large requests (1048576 bytes) and instead     returns an error.This denial state might remain for as long as the same cookies are kept, match and     haven't expired. Due to cookie matching rules, a server on `foo.example.com` can set cookies that also     would match for `bar.example.com`, making it it possible for a sister server to effectively cause a     denial of service for a sibling site on the same second level domain using this method.


    CVE-2023-38545:
    This flaw makes curl overflow a heap based buffer in the SOCKS5 proxy     handshake.

    When curl is asked to pass along the host name to the SOCKS5 proxy to allow     that to resolve the address instead of it getting done by curl itself, the     maximum length that host name can be is 255 bytes.

    If the host name is detected to be longer, curl switches to local name     resolving and instead passes on the resolved address only. Due to this bug,     the local variable that means let the host resolve the name could get the     wrong value during a slow SOCKS5 handshake, and contrary to the intention,     copy the too long host name to the target buffer instead of copying just the     resolved address there.

    The target buffer being a heap based buffer, and the host name coming from the     URL that curl has been told to operate with.


    CVE-2023-38546:
    This flaw allows an attacker to insert cookies at will into a running program     using libcurl, if the specific series of conditions are met.

    libcurl performs transfers. In its API, an application creates easy handles     that are the individual handles for single transfers.

    libcurl provides a function call that duplicates en easy handle called     [curl_easy_duphandle](https://curl.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_duphandle.html).

    If a transfer has cookies enabled when the handle is duplicated, the     cookie-enable state is also cloned - but without cloning the actual     cookies. If the source handle did not read any cookies from a specific file on     disk, the cloned version of the handle would instead store the file name as     `none` (using the four ASCII letters, no quotes).

    Subsequent use of the cloned handle that does not explicitly set a source to     load cookies from would then inadvertently load cookies from a file named     `none` - if such a file exists and is readable in the current directory of the     program using libcurl. And if using the correct file format of course.

Tenable has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Tencent Linux security advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

The version of Splunk installed on the remote host is prior to tested version. It is, therefore, affected by a vulnerability as referenced in the SVD-2023-0808 advisory.

  - The go command may execute arbitrary code at build time when using cgo. This may occur when running go     get on a malicious module, or when running any other command which builds untrusted code. This is can by     triggered by linker flags, specified via a #cgo LDFLAGS directive. Flags containing embedded spaces are     mishandled, allowing disallowed flags to be smuggled through the LDFLAGS sanitization by including them in     the argument of another flag. This only affects usage of the gccgo compiler. (CVE-2023-29405)

  - When curl < 7.84.0 saves cookies, alt-svc and hsts data to local files, it makes the operation atomic by     finalizing the operation with a rename from a temporary name to the final target file name.In that rename     operation, it might accidentally *widen* the permissions for the target file, leaving the updated file     accessible to more users than intended. (CVE-2022-32207)

  - decode-uri-component 0.2.0 is vulnerable to Improper Input Validation resulting in DoS. (CVE-2022-38900)

  - The got package before 12.1.0 (also fixed in 11.8.5) for Node.js allows a redirect to a UNIX socket.
    (CVE-2022-33987)

  - Prototype pollution vulnerability in function parseQuery in parseQuery.js in webpack loader-utils via the     name variable in parseQuery.js. This affects all versions prior to 1.4.1 and 2.0.3. (CVE-2022-37601)

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

ID	Name	Product	Family	Published	Updated	Severity
174685	Debian dla-3398 : curl - security update	Nessus	Debian Local Security Checks	4/25/2023	1/22/2025	high
191296	CentOS 9 : curl-7.76.1-26.el9	Nessus	CentOS Local Security Checks	2/29/2024	4/26/2024	high
227332	Linux Distros Unpatched Vulnerability : CVE-2023-27538	Nessus	Misc.	3/5/2025	7/25/2026	medium
292992	MiracleLinux 9 : curl-7.76.1-26.el9.2 (AXSA:2023-6965:14)	Nessus	Miracle Linux Local Security Checks	1/20/2026	2/5/2026	critical
239530	TencentOS Server 4: curl (TSSA-2024:0356)	Nessus	Tencent Local Security Checks	6/16/2025	11/22/2025	critical
194926	Universal Forwarder 8.2.0 < 8.2.12, 9.0.0 < 9.0.6, 9.1.0 < 9.1.1 (SVD-2023-0809)	Nessus	CGI abuses	5/2/2024	5/30/2024	critical
194928	Splunk Enterprise 8.2.0 < 8.2.12, 9.0.0 < 9.0.6, 9.1.0 < 9.1.1 (SVD-2023-0808)	Nessus	CGI abuses	5/2/2024	7/29/2024	critical

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