In setMediaButtonReceiver of MediaSessionRecord.java, there is a possible way to send a pending intent on behalf of system_server due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.
https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2023-11-01
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/55d3d57cbffc838c52d610af14a056dea87b422e